Equatorial States

  

People's Equatorial States of Africa Estados Equatoriais Populares da África États Équatoriaux Populaires d'Afrique
Flag Coat of arms
Capital and largest city	Emancipation 5°53′29.94″N 0°31′31.02″E
Official languages	English French Portgueuse
Ethnic groups	74.3% Indigenous African 23.1% Black African 2.6% Biracial African —2.2% Creole African —0.4% Afro-Asian African
Religion (2016)	95.1% Christianity —88.3% Protestantism —6.8% Other Other Christian 2.8% Irreligious 2.1% Traditional religion
Demonym(s)	Equatorian African
Government	Single-party Marxist-Landonist federal republic
Legislature	National Assembly
• Upper house	House of Deputies
• Lower house	House of Represenatives
Independence from the United Commonwealth and the United Kingdom
• Establishment of the Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate	1 January, 1808
• Settlement by the American Colonization Society	January 7, 1822
• Liberian independence from the United Commonwealth	July 4, 1866
• Establishment of the Commonwealth of Equatorial States	September 14, 1903
• Establishment of the Equatorial States	July 4, 1942
Area
• Total	2,923,394 km2 (1,128,729 sq mi) (8th)
Population
• 2021 estimate	107,987,116 (11th)
• 2020 census	107,932,116 (11th)
• Density	36.92/km2 (95.6/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	2020 estimate
• Total	$1.4 trillion (12th)
• Per capita	$13,501 (53rd)
GDP (nominal)	2020 estimate
• Total	$325.9 billion (52nd)
• Per capita	$3,020 (156th)
Gini (2018)	62.0 very high
HDI	0.710 high · 114th
Currency	Equatorial Dollar (ES$)
Time zone	West Africa Time
Driving side	right
Calling code	+9

The People's Equatorial States of Africa (PESA) commonly known as the Equatorial States (E.S or ES) or simply as Africa is a country located in West Africa consisting of 10 states, thirty-five indigenous republic and one federal district. The Equitorial states has a tropical climate with a diverse environment ranging from savanna to rainforests. It encompasses 2.9 million square kilometers (1.1 million square miles) and is the worlds 8th largest country by total area. It borders Nigeria and Niger to the east, Algeria and Mauritania to the north and the Gulf of Guinea to the south. With a population of 107 million people it is the eleventh most populous country. The national capitol and largest city is Emancipation, located on the Volta River and the Atlantic Sea.

The Equatorial States is a single-party Marxist-Landonist federal republic. It is a founding member of the League of Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, World Trade Organization and is an observor of the Indo-Pacific Treaty Organization and NATO. Disparities in wealth and income inequality within the country, primarily linked to ethnicity, has caused the nation to be rated poorly to moderate in terms of quality of life by international measures. The nation ranks highly in terms of ease of doing buisness. It has an aggressive approach to foreign policy, intervening in nations across Africa and the Caribbean. The Equatorial States is one of the most linguistically and ethnically diverse nations in the world. English is the offical language with French and various other indigenous languages being widely spoken. The nation's demographics have been dramatically shaped by those returning from the African diaspora, with nearly 26 million claiming heritage from slaves and descendants of slavery who returned during the 19th and 20th century.

Between 1780 and 1865 the American Colonization Society (ACS) and the British began sending free people of color and individuals whom were deported in exchange for their manumission to the Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate and the Liberia Colony. During the initial years of the colony, nearly half of all settlers died within the first four years of their settlement. Conditions improved as both the United States and the United Kingdom sought to improve the colonial infrastructure. Prior to the American Civil War the deportation of slaves increased significantly as the United States sought to create Libera as an established colonial holding while also pacifying supporters of slavery.

Liberia declared its independence during the War of Contingency on July 4, 1866 and became a British protectorate alongside Sierra Leone. Afro-Caribbeans, Afro-Brazillians, Afro-Jamaicans and Afro-Haitians all contributed to the steady stream of settlers into Sierra Leone and Liberia; with most being transported by British ships destined for South Africa and India. In the 1880s the British aided by the black diaspora began settling and controlling the coastal regions of the Ivory Coast and Ghana. British control on the West African coast was so strong that during the Berlin Conference, France and Italy withdrew their claims. In 1903 the Commonwealth of Equatorial States was established by act of parliament and royal assent joining the ranks of Australia and Canda as a dominion of the British Empire.

During the First Great War, supporters of Landonism and the Entente Impériale initiated a referendum on transitioning into a republic—forming the modern state on July 4, 1942. During the first election the centre-left African Revolutionary Front (ARF) secured a slim majority within the governing and aligned itself with the United Commonwealth, who assisted in the nation's rapid industrialization. In 1964 the Equatorial Civil War between the black diaspora and the indigenous population lead to the rise of the Federalist Republicans and the West African Genocide. The country remained under control of the Federalist's until the United Commonwealth and the Chattanooga Pact overthrew the government during the 1973 West African War.

With a gross domestic product (GDP) of $1.4 trillion dollars it is the largest economy in Africa, surpassing Nigeria, Egypt and South Africa individually by a trillion dollars. Citizens with the Equatorial States have the 53rd highest GDP per capita, the highest nominal GDP per capita in Africa with citizens making an average of $13,501 a year surpassing Chile, the Maldives and Seychelles. It is the largest producer of bauxite, and is rich in deposits of gold and diamonds. It is a major producer of titanium, rutile and petroleum. Its largest imports include coal, petroleum, natural gas and machinery. Manufacturing and heavy industry appeared in the 1920s and 1930s. In the 1950s and 1960s the completion of the locks and dams system propelled the nation to an industrialized status. It is a member of the African Union, Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), African Development Bank (ADB) and the Organization for Mutual Economic Assistance and Development (OMEAD).

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History

Main article: History of the Equatorial States

Commonwealth period (1903–1942)

Main article: Commonwealth of Equatorial States

Equatorial Civil War (1964–1966)

Main article: Equatorial Civil War

People's Equatorial States (1976–present)

Major military operations conducted by the revolutionary forces and the United Commonwealth ceased by 1967. On 1 July 1976, General Secretary Nokroma Abeberese formally proclaimed the establishment of the People's Equatorial States of Africa in currently under construction capitol city of Emancipation. In 1978 the last remaining forces of the Federalist-Republican Army were defeated in the interior of Ghana during the Battle of the Bono and formally joined the Chattanooga Pact. The government consolidated its popularity among rural workers by expropriating land from 3 million landlords.

By 1983 the government had successfully repaired the hydroelectic network built throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Several reforms were taken in 1984 to consolidate several industries, including power production, mineral extraction, and metal fabrication. The Equatorial population increased to 78 million in 1984 with life expectancy increasing and fertility rates declining. In 1987 the Conservative Nationalist Party of the Equatorial States (CNP) declared its intent on contesting the 1988 elections and began assembling militias across the nation, leading to a internal conflict resulting in the deaths of 1.2 million people. In 1990 Abeberese launched the Patriotic Revolution, leading to tens of thousands imprisoned and the elimination of pre-revolutionary officials from local seats.

In September 1991, the Equatorial States joined the League of Nations (LN), the African Union (AU), the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the Afican Development Bank (ADB). International calls for Abeberese to step down lead to heightened tensions with Nigeria, Chad, France and the United Kingdom. Throughout the 1990s the United Commonwealth's economic prosperity greatly benefited the Equatorial States, establishing several large international ports; with the Emancipation City International Seaport becoming the third largest port in Africa.

During the late 1990s and early 2000s the Equatorial States began experiencing increasing religious violence and Islamic terrorism. Several Islamists groups consolidated under the Islamic Caliphate of West Africa to wage war against the socialist government beginning in 2004, leading to the ongoing Northern Equatorial Insurgency. In 2013, after 37 years in office, Abeberese death lead to the nation's first contested election in the 2014 presidential election.

Government and politics

Main article: Politics of the Equatorial States

The People's Assembly Hall where the People's Assembly of the Equatorial States convenes every four years.

The Headquarters of the People's Authority where the African Revolutionary Front operates from

The Equatorial State's constitution establishes that the nation is a socialist federal republic and that all ethnicities have the right to self-determination. Several stipulations on democracy, free elections and economic ownership are established within the preamble of the Equatorial Constitution, "all economic and political power will rest with the working class of Africa. We declare the dictatorship of the proletariat and its vanguard party the sole legitimate authority in these Equatorial States of Africa."

The Equatorial States has been described by western and capitalist nations as being authoritarian. In the 1980s and 1990s the African National Front restricted free access to the internet, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, and repoductive rights. Although the nation is ideologically tied to the United Commonwealth, socialist academics have described the Equitorial States as being in line with Maoism. This is partly due to the importance of the pre-industrial peasantry during the 1973 revolution and the establishment of the party core from rural areas.

Political divisions

Main article: Administrative divisions of the Equatorial States

Parties and elections

Main articles: List of political parties of the Equatorial States and Elections in the Equatorial States

Economy

Main article: Economy of the Equatorial States