View source for Secretariat of the United Commonwealth

{{Icons|E-class|Altverse II}}

{{Infobox legislature
| name = Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Continentalist Party of the United Commonwealth
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| house_type = Highest policy-making body of the [[Continentalist Party of the United Commonwealth]]
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| leader1_type = [[General Secretary of the Continentalist Party of the United Commonwealth|General Secretary]]
| leader1 = [[Daniel Muir]]
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| leader5_type = Elected by
| leader5 = [[Central Committee of the Continentalist Party]]
| seats = 7 (currently),<br/>5–17 (historically)
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}}
The '''Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Continentalist Party of the United Commonwealth''', also referred to as the '''Secretariat of the United Commonwealth''' or simply the '''Secretariat''', is the {{W|collective leadership|collective body}} which serves as the highest policy-making authority within the [[Continentalist Party of the United Commonwealth]]. Founded in 1917 with the [[Secretariat of the 8th Congress of the Continentalist Party|Secretariat to the 8th Congress]], the Secretariat is collectively responsible for leadership of the party, and by virtue of the role of the Continentalist Party in the government structure of the United Commonwealth, most commonly the leadership of the country as well. The chairperson of the Secretariat is known as the [[General Secretary of the Continentalist Party of the United Commonwealth|General Secretary]], who is the ''de facto'' leader of the Secretariat, and therefore often the [[List of leaders of the United Commonwealth|paramount leader]] of the United Commonwealth, whether by virtue of the title or in combination with other titles such as the [[President of the United Commonwealth|presidency]] or [[Premier of the United Commonwealth|premiership]]. The current iteration is the [[Secretariat of the 37th Congress of the Continentalist Party|37th Secretariat]], led by General Secretary [[Daniel Muir]], and including seven members. 

Formally the Secretariat is elected by the [[Central Committee of the Continentalist Party]],  following each [[Congress of the Continentalist Party of the United Commonwealth|Party Congress]], and is considered active when the Central Committee is not in session. In addition to the General Secretary, the Secretariat currently includes an additional six members, although historically it has been as small as five members and as large as 17. Usually other members of the Secretariat include the members of the highest government offices, such as the President, Premier, members of the [[Presidium of the National People's Congress]], [[Council of People's Commissars|People's Commissars]], and other bodies, as well as leading party functionaries, such as the chairpersons of the Central Committee and heads of other departments, although there is no requirement that the Secretariat members hold additional offices. Historically the Secretariat, most especially its General Secretary, have acted as the ''de facto'' leaders of the United Commonwealth, although the 1982 [[Constitution of the United Commonwealth]] established a formal separation between party and civil offices. There are no term limits in the Secretariat, with members serving for as long as they maintain the confidence of the Central Committee, although in practice the Secretariat has been accused of being a self-perpetuating body with current members often influencing the election of new members. The Secretariat generally meets weekly, and its decisions are made by {{W|Consensus decision-making|consensus}}. 

==History==

==Historical membership==

{| class="wikitable sortable" style=text-align:center
|+Historical members of the Secretariat
! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Name
! scope="col" colspan="2" | Lifespan
! scope="col" rowspan="2"| {{abbr|PM|Party membership—when the person in question joined the party.}}
! scope="col" rowspan="2"| {{abbr|First|First iteration of the Secretariat they were a member of.}}
! scope="col" rowspan="2"| {{abbr|Last|Last iteration of the Secretariat they were a member of.}}
! scope="col" rowspan="2"| {{abbr|Term|Years that the person in question was in office.}}
! scope="col" rowspan="2"| {{abbr|Length|Number of years in office.}}
! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Origin
! scope="col" rowspan="2"| Gender
|-
! scope="col" | {{abbr|Birth|The year of birth of the person in question.}}
! scope="col" | {{abbr|Death|The year of death of the person in question.}}
|-
! '''[[Aeneas Warren]]'''
| 1871
| 1922
| {{abbr|1901|As member of [[Revolutionary Socialist Party]]}}
| [[Secretariat of the 8th Congress of the Continentalist Party|8th]]
| [[Secretariat of the 12th Congress of the Continentalist Party|12th]]
| 1917–1922
| 6
| {{flagicon|Kentucky}} {{W|Pikeville, Kentucky|Pikeville}}, [[Kentucky]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Zhou Xinyue]]'''
| 1872
| 1922
| {{abbr|1901|As member of [[Revolutionary Socialist Party]]}}
| [[Secretariat of the 8th Congress of the Continentalist Party|8th]]
| [[Secretariat of the 12th Congress of the Continentalist Party|12th]]
| 1917–1922
| 6
| style="background: Pink" | {{flagicon|Sierra}} {{W|Oakland, California|Oakland}}, [[Sierra]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Ulysses Clark]]'''
| 1875
| 1930
| {{abbr|1904|As member of [[United Labor Front]]}}
| [[Secretariat of the 8th Congress of the Continentalist Party|8th]]
| [[Secretariat of the 12th Congress of the Continentalist Party|12th]]
| 1917–1923
| 6
| {{flagicon|Pennsylvania}} {{W|Philadelphia}}, [[Pennsylvania]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Samson Zima]]'''
| 1880
| 19
| {{abbr|1901|As member of [[Revolutionary Socialist Party]]}}
| [[Secretariat of the 8th Congress of the Continentalist Party|8th]]
| [[Secretariat of the 16th Congress of the Continentalist Party|16th]]
| 1917–1942
| 25
| {{flagicon|Chicago}} [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Elliot Fowler]]'''
| 1870
| 1927
| 1911
| [[Secretariat of the 8th Congress of the Continentalist Party|8th]]
| [[Secretariat of the 16th Congress of the Continentalist Party|16th]]
| 1917–1927 
| 11
|  
| Male

|-
! '''[[Seamus Callahan]]'''
| 1885
| 1947
| 1916
| [[Secretariat of the 9th Congress of the Continentalist Party|9th]]
| [[Secretariat of the 18th Congress of the Continentalist Party|18th]]
| 1918–1947
| 29
| {{flagicon|Missouri}} {{W|St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis}}, [[Missouri]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[William Z. Foster]]'''
| 1885
| 1947
| 1914
| [[Secretariat of the 9th Congress of the Continentalist Party|9th]]
| [[Secretariat of the 12th Congress of the Continentalist Party|12th]]
| 1918–1922 
|  6
| {{flagicon|Massachusetts}} {{W|Taunton, Massachusetts|Taunton}}, [[Massachusetts]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Coleman Mueller]]'''
| 1870
| 1948
| 1914
| [[Secretariat of the 12th Congress of the Continentalist Party|12th]]
| [[Secretariat of the 13th Congress of the Continentalist Party|13th]]
| 1922–1927
| 6
| {{flagicon|Chicago}} [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Samuel Gompers]]'''
| 1850
| 1924
| 1914
| [[Secretariat of the 12th Congress of the Continentalist Party|12th]]
| [[Secretariat of the 13th Congress of the Continentalist Party|13th]] 
| 1922–1924
| 3
| style="background: Pink" | {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} {{W|London}}, [[United Kingdom]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Bill Haywood]]'''
| 1885
| 1928
| 1917
| [[Secretariat of the 12th Congress of the Continentalist Party|12th]]
| [[Secretariat of the 13th Congress of the Continentalist Party|13th]]
| 1922–1928 
| 7
| style="background: Pink" | {{flagicon|Sierra}} [[Salt Lake City]], [[Sierra]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Morris Hillquit]]'''
| 1869
| 1933
| 
| 
| [[Secretariat of the 12th Congress of the Continentalist Party|12th]] 
|  
|   
| style="background: Pink" | {{flagicon|Russia}} {{W|Riga}}, [[Russia|Russian Empire]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Nikita Neosha]]'''
| 1890
| 1959
| 1921 
| [[Secretariat of the 11st Congress of the Continentalist Party|11st]] 
| [[Secretariat of the 12th Congress of the Continentalist Party|12th]] 
| 1922–1923
| 2  
| {{flagicon|Illinois}} {{W|Peoria, Illinois|Peoria}}, [[Illinois]]
| style="background: Pink" | Female

|-
! '''[[Meyer London]]'''
| 1860
| 1926
| 1916
| [[Secretariat of the 12th Congress of the Continentalist Party|12th]]
| [[Secretariat of the 13th Congress of the Continentalist Party|13th]]
| 1922–1923
| 2  
| style="background: Pink" | {{flagicon|Russia}} {{W|Kalvarija, Lithuania|Kalvarija}}, [[Russia|Russian Empire]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Dorian Conesus]]'''
| 1878 
| 1927
| {{abbr|1904|As member of [[United Labor Front]]}}  
| [[Secretariat of the 10th Congress of the Continentalist Party|10th]] 
| [[Secretariat of the 13th Congress of the Continentalist Party|13th]] 
| 1919–1927
|  8
| style="background: Pink" | {{flagicon|Superior}} {{W|Omaha}}, [[Superior]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Orion Marshall]]'''
| 1880
| 1943
| {{abbr|1909|As member of [[United Labor Front]]}}  
| [[Secretariat of the 10th Congress of the Continentalist Party|10th]] 
| [[Secretariat of the 16th Congress of the Continentalist Party|16th]] 
| 1920–1940
| 21
| {{Nowrap|{{flagicon|New Jersey}} {{W|North Bergen, New Jersey|North Bergen}}, [[New Jersey]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Joseph McDonald]]'''
| 1885
| 1952
| 1916
| [[Secretariat of the 12th Congress of the Continentalist Party|12th]] 
| [[Secretariat of the 18th Congress of the Continentalist Party|18th]]  
| 1922–1947
| 25
|  
| Male

|-
! '''[[Winston Ashtabula]]'''
| 1886
| 1983
| 1912
| [[Secretariat of the 12th Congress of the Continentalist Party|12th]] 
| [[Secretariat of the 20th Congress of the Continentalist Party|20th]]
| 1922–1954
| 32
| {{flagicon|Ohio}} {{W|Independence, Ohio|Independence}}, [[Ohio]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[John L. Lewis]]'''
| 1880
| 1950
| 1914
| [[Secretariat of the 12th Congress of the Continentalist Party|12th]] 
| [[Secretariat of the 19th Congress of the Continentalist Party|19th]]  
| 1922–1950 
| 28
| style="background: Pink" | {{flagicon|Superior}} {{W|Lucas County, Iowa|Lucas}}, [[Superior]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Diana Verdone]]'''
| 1886
| 1960
| 
| [[Secretariat of the 13th Congress of the Continentalist Party|13th]] 
| [[Secretariat of the 14th Congress of the Continentalist Party|14th]] 
| 1923–1930
| 8
|  
| style="background: Pink" | Female

|-
! '''[[Emmanuel Durante]]'''
| 1895
| 1965
| 1922
| [[Secretariat of the 14th Congress of the Continentalist Party|14th]] 
| [[Secretariat of the 20th Congress of the Continentalist Party|20th]]
| 1928–1954
| 26
|  
| Male 

|-
! '''[[Amelia Fowler Crawford]]'''
| 1901
| 1978
| 1917
| [[Secretariat of the 15th Congress of the Continentalist Party|15th]] 
| [[Secretariat of the 20th Congress of the Continentalist Party|20th]]
| 1932–1954
| 22
| {{flagicon|New Jersey}} {{W|Newark}}, [[New Jersey]]
| style="background: Pink" | Female

|-
! '''[[Jack Tracy]]'''
| 1903
| 1982
| 1924
| [[Secretariat of the 16th Congress of the Continentalist Party|16th]] 
| [[Secretariat of the 20th Congress of the Continentalist Party|20th]] 
| 1938–1951
| 13
| {{flagicon|Missouri}} {{W|Hayti, Missouri|Hayti}}, [[Missouri]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Hoyt Vandenberg]]'''
| 1889
| 1954
| 
|  
| [[Secretariat of the 20th Congress of the Continentalist Party|20th]]  
| –1950
|  
| 
| Male

|-
! '''[[Jack Spruance]]'''
| 1904
| 1979
|  
| [[Secretariat of the 18th Congress of the Continentalist Party|18th]]  
| [[Secretariat of the 18th Congress of the Continentalist Party|18th]]  
| 1946–1948,<br/>1954–1970
| 18
| {{flagicon|Illinois|otl}} {{W|Rock Island, Illinois|Rock Island}}, [[Illinois]]
| Male

|-
! '''[[Lysander Hughes]]'''
| 1897
| 1958
|  
| [[Secretariat of the 18th Congress of the Continentalist Party|18th]]  
| [[Secretariat of the 22nd Congress of the Continentalist Party|22nd]] 
| 1946–1958
| 12
|  
| Male

|-
! '''[[William Green]]'''
| 1873
| 1953
| 1918
| [[Secretariat of the 19th Congress of the Continentalist Party|19th]]  
| [[Secretariat of the 20th Congress of the Continentalist Party|20th]]  
| 1948–1953 
| 5
|  
| Male

|-
! '''[[Erika Reedy]]'''
| 1916
| 2008
| 1938
| [[Secretariat of the 19th Congress of the Continentalist Party|19th]]  
| [[Secretariat of the 22nd Congress of the Continentalist Party|22nd]]
| 1948–1960
| 13
|  
| style="background: Pink" | Female

|-
! '''[[Daniel Plainview]]'''
| 1908
| 1999
| 1929
| [[Secretariat of the 19th Congress of the Continentalist Party|19th]]  
|  
| 1948– 
| 
|  
| Male

|-
! '''[[Christopher McCormack]]'''
| 1904
| 1972
| 1924
| [[Secretariat of the 19th Congress of the Continentalist Party|19th]]  
|  
| 1948– 
| 
|  
| Male

|-
! '''[[Augustus Powell]]'''
| 1906
| 1993
| 1927
| [[Secretariat of the 20th Congress of the Continentalist Party|20th]]  
|  
| 1950– 
| 
|  
| Male

|-
! '''[[Charles Acker]]'''
| 1884
| 1972
| 1916
| [[Secretariat of the 20th Congress of the Continentalist Party|20th]]  
|  
| 1951– 
| 
|  
| Male

|-
! '''[[Elaine Carroll]]'''
| 1900
| 1981
| 1922
| [[Secretariat of the 20th Congress of the Continentalist Party|20th]]  
|  
| 1953– 
| 
|  
| style="background: Pink" | Female

|-
! '''[[Dahlia Leto]]'''
| 1914
| 2006
| 1938
| [[Secretariat of the 21st Congress of the Continentalist Party|21st]]  
|  
| 1954– 
| 
|  
| style="background: Pink" | Female

|-
! '''[[Ulysses Barrera]]'''
| 1914
| 2004
| 1939
| [[Secretariat of the 23rd Congress of the Continentalist Party|23rd]]  
|  
| 1960– 
| 
|  
| Male

|-
! '''[[Mara Harriet Rhodes]]'''
| 1920
| 2009
| 1940
| [[Secretariat of the 23rd Congress of the Continentalist Party|23rd]]  
|  
| 1960– 
| 
|  
| style="background: Pink" | Female

|-
! '''[[John P. Fallon]]'''
| 1910
| 1992
| 1932
| [[Secretariat of the 23rd Congress of the Continentalist Party|23rd]]  
|  
| 1960– 
| 
|  
| Male

|-
! '''[[Marlan A. Beltran]]'''
| 1918
| 2001
| 1939
| [[Secretariat of the 23rd Congress of the Continentalist Party|23rd]]  
|  
| 1960– 
| 
|  
| Male

|-
! '''[[Aelita Jones]]'''
| 1916
| 2008
| 1948
| [[Secretariat of the 23rd Congress of the Continentalist Party|23rd]]  
|  
| 1961– 
| 
|  
| style="background: Pink" | Female
|}

==See also==
*[[List of leaders of the United Commonwealth]]
*[[Central Committee of the Continentalist Party]]

{{CPUC}}
{{United Commonwealth politics}}
{{United Commonwealth topics}}

[[Category:Secretariat of the United Commonwealth]]
[[Category:Secretariats of communist parties]]