Sharqistan
Republic of Sharqistan Şarqistan Respublikasi (sq) | |
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Flag
Coat of arms
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Motto: Kelaşekke To the Future | |
| File:Map of Pavlodaristan.svg | |
| Capital and largest city | Pavlodar |
| Official languages | Sharqi |
| Ethnic groups (2013) | Sharqis (89%), Kazakhs (8%), Others (3%) |
| Demonym(s) | Sharqi |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
| Fylyp Burugdanyev (SMF) | |
| Ravshana Karashina (FN) | |
• Chancellor of the People's Assembly | Serik Ġombagorvajev (SMF) |
| Establishment | |
• Independence | 30 December 1991 |
• New Era | 29 March 2013 |
| Area | |
• Total | 408,100 km2 (157,600 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2013 estimate | 2,143,448 |
• Density | 525/km2 (1,359.7/sq mi) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2013 estimate |
• Total | $49.1 billion (83rd) |
• Per capita | $22,920 (31st) |
| HDI (2012) |
0.750 high |
| Currency | Sharqi manet (File:Sharqi manet symbol.png) (SQM) |
| Time zone | UTC+6 (Sharqistan Standard Time) |
| Date format | DD/MM/YYYY |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +997 |
| Internet TLD | .sq |
The Republic of Sharqistan (/ˈʃɑːrkiˌstɑn, -stæn/; Sharqi: Şarqistan Respublikasi) is a nation located in north-eastern Turkestan.
Etimology
The name Sharqistan comes from the union of two terms: şarq ("east"), to denote the nation's location and the possible origins of the early Sharqi people, and the Persian suffix -stan, meaning "place of", "country".
History
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The Sharqi Khanate split from the Golden Horde and was founded in 1493 by Ajbek Khan. It lasted until 1847, when it was annexed to the Russian Empire.
The Sharqi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was created in 1918 as part of the Turkestan ASSR; in 1925, it was separated and the Sharqi Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR) was established.
On 29 November 1991, following the breakdown of the Soviet Union, the Sharqi SSR declared independence from the Soviet Union. As soon as the nation was granted independence from the USSR on 30 December 1991, the first leader, Aleksandr Samanaev, estabilished a socialist regime, which would last until 1999 (his death). He was succeeded by Karghan Miljetov as ad interim President. In 2001, Alikhan Shaporajev was elected and promised to continue Samanaev's wills.
In 2004, after Shaporajev was ousted from office, Eruslan Najkirov was elected President. He founded the Borsa Pavlodar (BPA) by merging the Pavlodari Trade System and Sharqi Intercity Currency Exchange; he also legalized private property (it was already legal de iure, but it was never applied de facto) and replaced the Sharqi som with the Sharqi manet (1 manet=10,000 somlar). Five years later, Nurzhan Temirov was elected; he applied policies which were vaguely similar to Samanaev's, but with heavy focus on nationalism and militarism.
In 2013, the ban on the SMF and other parties was revoked and a new President was elected. As soon as the president was elected, Temirov's party, Menen Ult, was dissolved and its recreation was banned; all members went either to the ŞHP or to Ujoşma.
The fall of the Temirovist regime has, however, started a series of national conflicts, mostly composed by political-oriented clashes.
Geography
Sharqistan is located in Eastern Turkestan. It borders Russia, China and Kazakhstan.
The country is served by the Irtysh River, while the most important lake is the Lake Zaysan.
The Altai Mountains range is located in the eastern part of the country, just before the Sharqistan-China border.
Sharqistan's capital city and largest city is Pavlodar, with 333,412 inhabitants.
Government
Sharqistan was founded as a Socialist Marxist-Leninist single-party state, with the President being the highest public charge (and the one with the widest powers) inside the political system. Although considered an isolationist state by the foreign media, Sharqistan started opening relations with other nations in 2007, with China and Russia being the first. Since 2013, the People's Party is no longer the ruling party in the People's Assembly.
Administrative divisions
The territory is divided into twenty-five districts (tumanlar). Independent cities (Pavlodar and Oskemen) are not subject to control by any district.
With the New Country Act of 2015, the regions (vilajatlar) have been abolished.
Transportation
Pavlodar International Airport is the busiest airport of Sharqistan and offers regular links with Almaty International Airport, Kazakhstan's main airport, while other airports include Oskemen Airport, Ekibastuz Airport, Semey Airport and Zaysan.
A railway connecting the major cities was built in 1955 and is currently undergoing a refurbishment. The nation is also served by Sharqi Freeways (Şarqi Avtostradalar).
Demographics
Sharqistan is largely populated by the Sharqi people (89%), followed by a significant minorty of Kazakhs (8%) and other groups form the remaining 3%, including Russians (1.4%) and Uyghurs (0.7%). The country's net migration rate is 0.03.
According to Sharqi National Law 9, an expatriate can be granted citizenship after residing for 15 years, providing that the requester has never been involved in any crime and can speak fluent Sharqi language.
| Rank | City | Population | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pavlodar | 353,930 | Capital City and Independent City. |
| 2 | Oskemen | 321,251 | Independent City. |
| 3 | Semey | 299,264 | Seat of the District of Semey. |
| 4 | Ekibastuz | 146,991 | Seat of the District of Ekibastuz. |
| 5 | Aksu | 69,354 | |
| 6 | Ridder | 50,500 | |
| 7 | Zyryan | 39,320 | Seat of the District of Zyryan. |
| 8 | Ayagoz | 37,537 | Seat of the District of Ayagoz. |
| 9 | Shemonaikha | 19,127 | Seat of the District of Shemonaikha. |
| 10 | Urzhar | 17,320 | |
| 11 | Serebryansk | 10,129 | Seat of the District of Serebryansk |
| 12 | Ertis | 7,772 |
Holidays
| Date | English name | Sharqi name | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 January | New Year | Jane Jil | |
| 7 January | Eastern Orthodox Christmas | Şarqlik Hristonen Toglis | Celebrated since 2014; observed only by Orthodox Sharqis. |
| 8 March | Woman's Day | Ajolnen Kun | |
| 21 March | Nowruz | Navruz | Celebrated since 2013. |
| 30 March | Constitution Day | Konstitutsjanen Kun | Celebrated since 2013. From 1992 to 2013, it was on 1 January. |
| 1 May | Workers' Day | Jişinen Kun | |
| Second Sunday of May | Mother's Day | Onanen Kun | Not a public holiday. |
| 9 May | Victory Day | Žafarnen Kun | |
| Third Sunday of June | Father's Day | Ötanen Kun | Not a public holiday. |
| 1 July | Flag's Day | Žalaunen Kun | |
| 1 October | Teacher's Day | Mohalimnen Kun | Selective holiday. Some Sharqi schools might choose to close on this day. |
| Second Sunday of October | Grandparents Day | Ažesinlarnen Kun | Not a public holiday. |
| 25 December | Christmas | Garblik Hristonen Toglis | Celebrated since 2013. |
| 30 December | Independence Day | Mostaqiliknen Kun |
Various Images
- Flag of Pavlodaristan.svg
Socialist Flag (1991-99)
- Coat of Arms of Pavlodaristan.svg
Socialist Coat of Arms (1991-99)
- Hududlar and Tumanlar of Pavlodaristan.svg
Hududlar and Tumanlar (1991-2013)