São Leopoldo

Federal Republic of São Leopoldo República Federal de São Leopoldo
Flag Coat of arms
Capital	São Pedro
Largest city	Curitiba
Official languages	Portuguese
Demonym(s)	Leopoldean Leopoldense
Government	Federal presidential constitutional republic
• President	Matheus Teixeira
• Vice President	Suzana Gonçalves
Legislature	National Council
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	Chamber of Deputies
Independence  from Empire of Brazil
• Declared	March 1, 1845
• Recognized	December 19, 1853
• First constitution	January 2, 1854
Area
• Total	576,409.6 km2 (222,553.0 sq mi)
Population
• 2018 census	29,672,993
GDP (PPP)	2015 estimate
• Total	R$541 billion
HDI (2017)	0.798 high
Currency	Leopoldean real (R$)
Time zone	UTC-3
Driving side	right
Calling code	+55
ISO 3166 code	SLP
Internet TLD	.slp

São Leopoldo, officially the Federal Republic of São Leopoldo, is sovereign nation located in South America. It borders Brazil to the north, Argentina and Paraguay to the west, Uruguay to the south, and Atlantic Ocean to the east. The capital city of the country is São Pedro and the largest city of the country is Curitiba.

São Leopoldo is a federal republic following the presidential itsystem. The President is the both head of state and head of government as well. The national legislature is the Federal Council, which divided into two chambers: Senate (upper house) and Chamber of Deputies (lower house).

Before the Portuguese colonization, it was already inhabited by the Indian tribes while the first European explorers arrived. The colonization was started when the Spanish and Portuguese Jesuits arrived and they converted the Indians into Catholicism. The Germans settled the country when it was a part of Brazil in 1824. After the Ragamuffin war, the country declared independence from Brazil and it was unrecognized until 1853. The Italians settled the country in 1875 and most of them are originated from Northern Italy.

São Leopoldo is a member of Conference of American States and League of Nations.

Etymology

São Leopoldo was a name of the town where German immigrants settled in July 25, 1824. The name of the country was used after the independence from Brazil. Some proposed names of the country are Rio Grande, Plata, and Ragamuffia.

History

Early history

Before it's discovery by European explorers, São Leopoldo was inhabited by multiple indigenous hunter-gatherer tribes, who subsisted on a combination of hunting, fishing, and gathering. These tribes would act as individual city-states, conducting trade, war, and diplomacy with each other. Some notable tribes were Guarini and Charnia, who were one of the first Leopoldean tribes to make contact with European explorers.

Portuguese colonization

The Portuguese were the first to discovery São Leopoldo, colonizing it as apart of Colonial Brazil. Along with Portuguese settlers, Spanish Jesuits traveled to São Leopoldo to convert the indigenous Leopoldeans, who followed animistic and native religions. Many jesuits lived among the natives and converted many. For decades, both Spain and Portugal dispute over the region, with both nations claiming as apart of their own colonial territories. This prompted the Portuguese King to encourage increased Portuguese settlement in the area, resulting in a population boom.

Ragamuffin war and independence

Calls for independence would continue to rise after the end of the Ragamuffin War and the independence of the Riograndese and Juliana republics. Inspired by the republic's endeavors against the increasingly hostile and authoritative Empire of Brazil, the people of São Leopoldo declared unilateral independence from the Empire on March 1st, 1845, to the great dismay of the Brazillian government. The first capital city of the country was in Piratini. Ignazio Pereira became the president of the country while Sevastian Dias became the vice president. During Pereria presidency, the country was only recognized by Britian, France, and Uruguay (the same countries that regocnized by Riograndese republic). Despite acting as a self-governing entity, São Leopoldo would not be recognized as a country by the Empire of Brazil until December 19th, 1853. On the same date, the State of Párana, which was orignally under Brazillian control, was seperated from the Empire and joined São Leopoldo. After Pereria ended his term on the same year, Sevastian Dias became president while Reinaldo Barros became vice president.

Government and politics

Administrative divisions

States of São Leopoldo

Flag	States	Capital	Established
	Iguaçu	Cascavel	1943
	Párana	Curitiba	1853
	Rio Grande	Porto Alegre	1845
	Santa Catarina	Joinville	1845
	Leopoldean Capital Territory	São Pedro	1920

Political parties

São Leopoldo have three major political parties named: National Republican Party, United People's Party, and Liberal Party. National Republican Party is the oldest political party in the country and it is dominated the National Council for many years. United People's Party have the long-time rivalry with the National Republican Party and they have a feud on every elections. Liberal Party is one of the known neutral political parties that supported neither on National Republicans or United Peoples' political parties. Other political parties are Social Democratic Party, Green Nature Party, and Christian Democratic Party.