United British Empire

The United British Empire (UBE), officially the United Kingdom and Empire and Britannia and North America (UKE) and commonly referred to as the United Empire, the Imperial Federation, and Great Britain-North America (GBNA), is a trans-continental sovereign country situated for the most part in the North Atlantic and Central Indo-Pacific regions, covering primarily the British Isles and parts of North America, with territories in West and South Africa, the Indonesian Islands, and smaller enclaves throughout Africa, India, and East Asia. The territories of the UKE cover a total area of 14.229 million km2 or approximately 9.55% of the world's surface. The Empire has a total population of 616 million people according to the 2021 Imperial Census.

The foundations of the UBE were laid in 1496 when King Henry VII of England financed an expedition led by John Cabot to North America, marking the first time English ships arrived at the continent. It wouldn't be until 1583 when Humphrey Gilbert formally claimed the island of Plaisance for England, and explored neighboring Newfoundland and Labrador. The first colony was founded in 1584 by Walter Raleigh in Roanoke, Carolina. The Empire began to take shape during the 17th century with the settlement of North America and smaller Atlantic islands, together with the establishment of joint-stock companies, such as the East India Company, the Royal African Company, and the Hudson's Bay Company to administer colonies and overseas trade. The EIC competed for hegemony with the Portuguese and the Dutch, and seized the islands of Sellawaise and the Moluccas, while England established more colonies in North America. Plantation economies became vastly profitable, and the RAC established slave-trading ports on the coast of West Africa.

The Kingdom of Great Britain was established in 1707 after the Acts of Union, while Ireland remained under English control. It entered a personal union with the Electorate of Hanover in 1714 when George I of Hanover became the British monarch. The Catholic Jacobites staged several uprisings, including the most notable one in 1745, but were defeated in the Battle of Culloden in 1746. King Frederick I's marriage to Princess Wilhelmine of Prussia ensured a victory in the Seven Years' War, leading to increased taxes on American colonies and protests against "taxation without representation". The Congress of Philadelphia adopted the Philadelphia Declaration of Rights in 1774, leading to British troops being sent to enforce colonial obedience. The Second Congress of Philadelphia in 1777 resulted in the First American Reform Act, granting colonies more representation in Parliament and control over local affairs. The 1782 Fredericksburg Convention established a shared bicameral legislature, the American Parliament, merging the American colonies into the United Kingdom and Empire of Great Britain in 1786, while Ireland also gained more autonomy in 1782.

During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the British Empire engaged in a quest for global dominance. The integration of North America into the UKE played a crucial role in maintaining the Empire's worldwide influence, as the American territories became a vital hub for military operations, contributing troops, resources, and finances. The Empire expanded its holdings across Africa, Asia, and India, while their naval supremacy and control of key trade routes bolstered their dominance in international trade. Significant socio-political movements, including slavery abolitionism, the Back-to-Africa Movement, the growth of the Latter-day Saints Church, and the 1848 Revolutions, had a substantial impact. Slavery was officially abolished in 1820, Liberia was established in 1829, the Mormons colonized the southern Ohio Country, and the American territories began their transition into Dominions with their own legislature with the 1849 Constitutional Act. The Imperial Parliament was established in 1850 to oversee broader empire affairs like defense, foreign relations, and economic policies. Throughout the century, the United American Dominions (UAD), comprising the American territories, experienced economic growth and cultural development driven by industrialization, urbanization, and immigration from Europe. Independentist groups persisted, albeit facing significant internal and external challenges. Mass migration waves led to conflicts with Indigenous peoples over land and resources, prompting efforts to establish peaceful relations and treaties. In 1894, the Amerindian Relations Act recognized Amerindian tribes' sovereignty, land rights, and cultural preservation within the UAD.

In the 20th century, various ideologies emerged in the UKE, including Christian Socialism, Marxism-Webberism, and Fordism. The UKE joined the Great War in February 1915, aligning with the Imperial Compact against the Consortium, resulting in British, American, and colonial troops engaging in several theaters across the world. This conflict had a profound impact on the UKE, leading to significant events such as the Webberite Putsch of 1919, which toppled the House of Württemberg and established the Socialist Republic of Britain (SRB). The SRB, led by Alfred Webber, Gilbert Strongbow, and Solomon Raphael, implemented socialist reforms, including nationalization of industries, workers' councils, wealth redistribution, and replacing the Imperial Parliament with the People's Parliament. The SRB also witnessed purges, dissent suppression, labor camps, and state propaganda. The Württembergs were exiled to the UAD, which did not recognize the British Republic. This led to the growth of the Restitutionist movement, seeking to restore the Württembergian monarchy in Britain and reunify the UKE. Meanwhile, the SRB continued to introduce changes, including industry nationalization, peerage abolishment, central planning, and further wealth and land redistribution. A schism in the Church of England resulted in the establishment of the Anglican Restoration Church. As challenges mounted and international unrest grew, the UAD and other nations imposed economic sanctions on Britain. The Restitutionist movement gained support from sympathetic foreign governments, including the nations of the Pactum Unitatis et Collaborationis (PUC), a military alliance among France, Germany, Italy, the Eastern Roman Empire, Spain, and Portugal in 1936, which aimed to assert their influence and strategic interests amidst the escalating situation in Britain.

The PUC had declared its support for the Restitution Movement. In 1939, following the European Spring of Nations and the debilitation of the Soviet Union, the SRB's foremost ally, and with the support of Cuthbert Pellew in the UAD, Oswald Mosley's British Union of Fascists launched a rebellion against the Junta, beginning the British Civil War (1939-1942). After concentrated pushes and the fall of strategically important strongholds, the SRB fell in 1942, the Württembergs were re-instituted, and the British Restoration Council government was established. The restored UKE joined the PUC in 1943, further solidifying the alliance between the UKE and its continental partners, who provided support and assistance to the UKE in its post-revolutionary reconstruction efforts. The American Parliament passed the Recovery Act in 1944, ratified by the re-established Imperial Parliament in the same year. The act aimed to rebuild and revitalize the UKE's economy, infrastructure, and social institutions after years of turmoil. The act included provisions for large-scale public works projects, investment in industrial development, and job creation programs to bring stability and prosperity to the nation. The Recovery Act also focused on strengthening the UKE's military capabilities, enhancing its defenses, and forging stronger ties with the other members of the PUC. The UKE signed the Halifax-Miravalle Pact with Mejico, led by José Vasconcelos, in 1946, eventually extending to the Hispanoamerican Union (in 1967), and then to the Iberoamerican Commonwealth of Nations (in 1973).

From 1952 to 1976, the UKE faced various challenges in its African and Asian territories. In Rhodesland and Liberia, the Aparthood laws and the Americo-Liberian political dominance sparked numerous uprisings that were brutally quashed by the Imperial Army. The Liberian Bush War, marked by ruthless counterinsurgency tactics, aerial bombings, and scorched-earth strategies, was particularly brutal as it targeted the Indigenous African Freedom Movement (IAFM). The Providence Accords of 1961 ended the conflict, granting Liberia autonomous governance and Indigenous African representation. Meanwhile, in Rhodesland, where the European population became the majority by 1960, supported Aparthood and allied with South Africa and Natalie against the African National Congress of Rhodesland (ANCR) until Premier Enoch Powell enacted the Act of Pluralism in 1970, institutionalizing ethno-pluralism in the country. Concurrently, the UKE confronted three insurgencies in the Dominion of Melanesia during the Melanesian Emergency (1970-1976). The UKE later formed the Atlantic-Pacific Security Alliance (APSA) with the Hispanoamerican Union in 1971, deploying joint forces to combat insurgents in its colonies. In Melanesia, power dynamics were contested, with some advocating for maintaining the status quo and others supporting the division of Melanesia into three dominions. The UKE proposed the Melanesian Compact as a compromise, investing in economic growth, infrastructure, and social equality. Ethno-pluralism eventually influenced Melanesian legislation in the early 1980s, introduced by High Premier Carl Edward Sanders.

The 1983 Ports of Call Act consolidated UKE control over its overseas ports. The UKE enjoyed a good relationship with both Hindustan and Taiping China, and it was relatively popular in British Asian cities. The Act solidified British dominance in these ports, enabling the UKE to maintain its economic and military presence in those regions. However, it also deeply soured relations with Yorubaland, Igboland, and Sumatra. The botched bombing of Westminster Abbey in 1985 further strained the already tense relationship between the UKE and these countries, prompting British intervention during the Nigerian War in 1989. Eventually, the UKE and Igboland signed the secret Westwell-Azikiwe Pact, a peace agreement between Igboland and the UKE to gradually withdraw British troops from the region and recognize Igboland's sovereignty. Meanwhile, British troops overthrew the Yorubaland monarch through Operation Torchbearers and installed a British-friendly government aligned with Imperial interests in the area. Following an increase in violence, the UKE participated in the Onitsha Accords, restructuring the Obanate into a federal system with increased autonomy, while the UKE agreed to withdraw its troops, but Sokoto refused to participate in the peace talks, and British forces supported revolutionary factions during the 1995 Sokoto Civil War and established good relationships with the newly-independent states of Kano and Katsina. With the growth of Garveyism in Liberia, the Dominion threatened to secede in 1997 if the UKE did not stop interfering in African affairs. The 1999 Act of African Conciliation and Autonomy was passed by the Imperial Parliament, mandating the UKE to reduce its military presence across Africa and to reorient trade agreements to make them fairer.

In the early 2000s, the UAD witnessed the rise of Anglo-Fraternalism and Anglo Exceptionalism under Premier James Worthington's leadership, fostering closer ties with the Home Isles through the Two Homelands, One Nation (THON) system and the Fraternal Economic Agreement (FEA) in 2003. However, the Oregonian Troubles erupted in 2006 as Indigenous communities opposed gas pipeline construction, demanded an end to industrial expansion on tribal lands, and an end to European immigration, leading to protests and unrest. The UKE responded with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) and the Self-Determination Act in 2009. Disagreements over European immigration led to the October 2009 Vancouver Race Riots. Subsequently, the militant Oregon Revolutionaries Against Societal Oppression (ORASO) engaged in violence against UAD and UKE security forces. In the early 2010s, Indigenous groups in the Pacific coast region conducted urban guerrilla warfare, causing economic disruption and fiscal crisis for the UKE government. King-Emperor Henry IX and Premier Perceval Simpson ordered a military occupation of Oregon, replaced local authorities with Crown Authorities, and established the Commission for the Restoration of Order in Oregon (CROO) to investigate the Troubles' root causes and recommend pathways to reconciliation, civil administration restoration, and enhanced security networks.

The Troubles were marked by clashes between decolonial Indigenous groups seeking sovereignty and self-determination, White nationalist factions advocating for racial exclusivity, and neo-Mosleyites advocating for order. To address this complex situation, the UKE and UAD collaborated on a strategy emphasizing dialogue and reconciliation among stakeholders. They adopted the Powellite ethnopluralist approach, which involved creating autonomous regions based on ethnic and cultural lines, accommodating Indigenous and European concerns. The Oregon Act of 2012, approved by King-Emperor Henry IX and the Imperial Parliament, provided the legal framework for these autonomous regions, ensuring self-governance while maintaining Dominion unity. This approach aimed to foster harmony, address historical grievances, and allow each region to manage education, language, culture, and resources. The UKE dismantled illegal settlements through the Task Force for Reconciliation and Land Restitution (TFRLR) while fostering open dialogue between European and Indigenous communities at the Round Tables of Burnaby. Inspired by Oregon's example, Premier Clarence T.S. Brockway implemented a similar approach in Liberia through the Liberian Nationals Autonomy Act in 2020.

Since 2022, the UKE has dealt with a new wave of populism in Hindustan threatening the continued existence of British cosatal possessions within the Subcontinent, which have been in British hands for over two centuries. A plenary session of the Imperial Parliament, including the presence of Anglican ecclesiastical hierarchs, American Premiers, the British Residents of Hindustan and East Asia, the Governor-General of Melanesia, and the British Imperial Family, was convened on April 23, 2023. The Saint George's Day Plenary Session addressed the Hindustani Question, with different members of British governance making their concerns known. The session concluded with a unanimous decision to reject the calls for the return of British territories in coastal Hindustan. Protests, strikes, and civil disobedience became rampant across Hindustan, with demands for the removal of British forces from Bombay and Calcatrow. Meanwhile, the ASA has responded by increasing their military presence in the region, deploying multiple fleets to the Indian Ocean to ensure the security of British and other European territories and trade routes. The UKE passed the British Ports Protection Act, which included measures such as increased surveillance, censorship of media and online platforms, and the deployment of additional troops to Hindustan. Hindustan has formed a coalition of nations with other anti-British groups, while the UKE has continued to pass draconic legislation, such as the Remittances and Immigration Control Act and the Repatriation Act of 2024, giving the government a strict control of both cash and human flow from Hindustan to British territories, and vice-versa, further increasing tensions with the Hindustani Empire.