San Marino: Difference between revisions
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|conventional_long_name = Republic of San Marino | |conventional_long_name = Republic of San Marino | ||
|native_name = {{native name|it|Repubblica di San Marino}} | |native_name = {{native name|it|Repubblica di San Marino}} | ||
|image_flag = | |image_flag = Flag of San Marino.png | ||
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|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $44,947 | |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $44,947 | ||
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 13th | |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 13th | ||
|HDI = | |HDI = | ||
|HDI_year = 2020 | |HDI_year = 2020 | ||
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Revision as of 09:18, 6 February 2021
Republic of San Marino Repubblica di San Marino (language?) | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
|
Motto: Libertas (Latin) Freedom | |
|
Anthem: Inno Nazionale della Repubblica (National Anthem of the Republic) | |
| Capital | San Marino |
| Largest city | Dogana |
| Official languages | Italian (national) |
| Recognized languages | Romagnol |
| Demonym(s) | Sammarinese |
| Government | Unitary assembly-independent diarchic directorial republic |
| Legislature | Grand and General Council |
| Independence | |
• from Roman Empire | 3 September, 301 |
| Area | |
• Total | 61.2 km2 (23.6 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 34,232 |
| GDP (PPP) | 2017 estimate |
• Per capita | $60,651 (11th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2017 estimate |
• Total | $1.55 billion (174th) |
• Per capita | $44,947 (13th) |
| Currency | Sammarinese lira |
| Time zone | UTC+01 (Central European Time) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +378 (+39 0549 calling via Italy) |
San Marino (/ˌsæn məˈriːnoʊ/, Italian: [sam maˈriːno]), officially the Republic of San Marino (Italian: Repubblica di San Marino; Romagnol: Ripóbblica d' San Marein), also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino (Italian: Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino), is a microstate in Southern Europe completely enclosed by Italy.
Located on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains, San Marino covers a land area of just over 61 km2 (24 sq mi), and has a population of 33,562. Its capital is the City of San Marino and its largest settlement is Dogana. The capital is set at the highest point of the country on a steep mountain. San Marino's official language is Italian, although Romagnol is the historical language and still in existence in a non-official capacity.
The country derives its name from Saint Marinus, a stonemason from the then Roman island of Rab, in modern-day Croatia. Born in AD 275, Marinus participated in the reconstruction of Rimini's city walls after their destruction by Liburnian pirates. Marinus then went on to found an independent monastic community on Monte Titano in AD 301; thus, San Marino lays claim to being the oldest extant sovereign state, as well as the oldest constitutional republic.
San Marino's politics are ruled by its constitution, which dictates that every six months San Marino's parliament must elect two Captains Regent. The Captains Regent have equal powers, and are free to exercise them within the limits of the constitution and parliamentary legislation until their term expires.
The country's economy is mainly based on finance, industry, services and tourism. It is mainly tied to that of Italy’s, as part of the Dogana Compromise of 1935. Because of this, the Sammarinese lira is pegged to the Italian lira. San Marino is also considered to have one of the lowest unemployment rates in Europe, as well as a budget surplus.