San Marino

  

Republic of San Marino Repubblica di San Marino  (language?)
Flag
Motto: Libertas (Latin) Freedom
Anthem: Inno Nazionale della Repubblica (National Anthem of the Republic)
Capital	San Marino
Largest city	Dogana
Official languages	Italian (national)
Recognized languages	Romagnol
Demonym(s)	Sammarinese
Government	Unitary assembly-independent diarchic directorial republic
Legislature	Grand and General Council
Independence
• from Roman Empire	3 September, 301
Area
• Total	61.2 km2 (23.6 sq mi)
Population
• 2020 estimate	34,232
GDP (PPP)	2017 estimate
• Per capita	$60,651 (11th)
GDP (nominal)	2017 estimate
• Total	$1.55 billion (174th)
• Per capita	$44,947 (13th)
Currency	Sammarinese lira
Time zone	UTC+01 (Central European Time)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+378 (+39 0549 calling via Italy)

San Marino (/ˌsæn məˈriːnoʊ/, Italian: [sam maˈriːno]), officially the Republic of San Marino (Italian: Repubblica di San Marino; Romagnol: Ripóbblica d' San Marein), also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino (Italian: Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino), is a microstate in Southern Europe completely enclosed by Italy.

Located on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains, San Marino covers a land area of just over 61 km2 (24 sq mi), and has a population of 33,562. Its capital is the City of San Marino and its largest settlement is Dogana. The capital is set at the highest point of the country on a steep mountain. San Marino's official language is Italian, although Romagnol is the historical language and still in existence in a non-official capacity.

The country derives its name from Saint Marinus, a stonemason from the then Roman island of Rab, in modern-day Croatia. Born in AD 275, Marinus participated in the reconstruction of Rimini's city walls after their destruction by Liburnian pirates. Marinus then went on to found an independent monastic community on Monte Titano in AD 301; thus, San Marino lays claim to being the oldest extant sovereign state, as well as the oldest constitutional republic.

San Marino's politics are ruled by its constitution, which dictates that every six months San Marino's parliament must elect two Captains Regent. The Captains Regent have equal powers, and are free to exercise them within the limits of the constitution and parliamentary legislation until their term expires.

The country's economy is mainly based on finance, industry, services and tourism. It is mainly tied to that of Italy’s, as part of the Dogana Compromise of 1935. Because of this, the Sammarinese lira is pegged to the Italian lira. San Marino is also considered to have one of the lowest unemployment rates in Europe, as well as a budget surplus.

History

Main article: History of San Marino

Government and politcs

Main articles: Government of San Marino and Politics of San Marino

See also

• City-state

This page uses material from the Wikipedia page San Marino, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License (view authors).