Georgia (country)

  

Georgia საქართველო (ka) Sakartvelo
Flag Coat of arms
Motto:  ძალა ერთობაშია Dzala ertobashia "Strength is in Unity"
Anthem:  თავისუფლება Tavisupleba "Freedom"
Capital and largest city	Tbilisi 41°43′N 44°47′E
Official languages	Georgian
Ethnic groups (2014)	90.5% Georgians 5.1% Azerbaijanis 3.9% Armenians 0.3% Russians 0.2% Others
Religion (2014)	84.2% Christianity —80.1% Georgian Orthodoxy —4.1% Other Christian 8.2% Islam 7.6% Others / None
Demonym(s)	Georgian
Government	Unitary parliamentary republic
• President	TBD
• Prime Minister	TBD
• Chairperson of the Parliament	TBD
Legislature	Parliament
Establishment history
• Colchis and Iberia	13th c. BC – 580 AD
• Kingdom of Abkhazia and Kingdom of the Iberians	786–1008
• Unification of the Georgian realm	1008
• The Tripartite division	1463–1810
• Russian annexation	12 September 1801
• Independence from the Russian Empire	26 May 1918
• Government-in-exile	TBD
• Independence from Russia	TBD
• Current constitution	TBD
Area
• Total	69,700 km2 (26,900 sq mi) (TBD)
Population
• 2022 estimate	5,122,298 (TBD)
• 2014 census	5,130,777
• Density	73.49/km2 (190.3/sq mi) (TBD)
GDP (PPP)	estimate
• Total	$116.78 billion
ISO 3166 code	GE

For the administrative unit of the United Commonwealth, see Georgia (U.C. state). For other uses, see Georgia (disambiguation).

Georgia (Georgian: საქართველო, romanized: Sakartvelo; IPA: [sɑkʰɑrtʰvɛlɔ] ( listen) is a country located in the Caucasus, straddling the convergence between Eastern Europe and Western Asia. Culturally and politically European, the transcontinental country borders the Black Sea to the west; Russia, Waynakhia, and Dagestan to the north; the Anatolian Republic to the west; and Armenia and Azerbaijan to the south. The country has a total area of 69,700 square kilometers (26,900 sq mi), and has a population of 5.1 million people. Georgia is governed as a unitary semi-presidential republic. Tbilisi is the capital and largest city.

Georgia has been inhabited by humans since the Paleolithic Era. The earliest proto-Georgians emerged in recorded history in around the 12th century BC. Several independent states formed during the Classical period including the Colchis to the west and the Iberians to the east. Georgia became the epicenter of a centuries-long Roman-Iranian rivalry for dominance in the region. In the 4th century, Georgia adopted Christianity as its state religion, which led to the development and actualization of a unified Georgian state. During the Middle Ages, the Kingdom of Georgia experienced a golden age during the reigns of King David IV and Queen Tamar. Following the golden age, Georgia declined and collapsed after it came under attack and conquest by great powers including the Mongols, the Timurids, the Ottoman Empire, and Persia. After one of the Georgian kingdoms joined the Russian Empire, Georgia was gradually absorbed and integrated into the Russian Empire.

Following the Russian Revolution, Georgia declared independence as the Democratic Republic of Georgia and became a protectorate of Germany. Following Great War I, Georgia became a military dictatorship under the influence of Russian derzhavism and was subsequently annexed by Russia prior to Great War II. By the end of the war, Russia was partitioned and Georgia regained its independence and restored the pre-derzhavist democratic rule of government.

Georgia is a developed country with a high-income advanced economy. Its largest economic sectors are in technology, telecommunications, manufacturing, tourism, and services. Georgia is a member of the League of Nations, European Community, NATO, and OECD. It ranks highly in international rankings for quality of life, education, civil liberties, press freedom, and ease of business.

Government and politics

Administrative divisions

The republic consists of 14 regions, and two autonomous republics Abkhazia and Adjara. Adjara republic consists of regions of Adjara, Tao-Artaani and Klajreti.

Region	Centre	Area (km2)	Population	Density
Abkhazia	Sukhumi	8,660	242,862	28.04
Adjara	Batumi	2,880	333,953	115.95
Guria	Ozurgeti	2,033	113,350	55.75
Imereti	Kutaisi	6,475	533,906	82.45
Kakheti	Telavi	11,311	318,583	28.16
Kvemo Kartli	Rustavi	6,072	423,986	69.82
Mtskheta-Mtianeti	Mtskheta	6,786	94,573	13.93
Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti	Ambrolauri	4,990	32,089	6.43
Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti	Zugdidi	7,440	330,761	44.45
Samtskhe-Javakheti	Akhaltsikhe	6,413	160,504	25.02
Shida Kartli	Gori	5,729	300,382	52.43
Tbilisi	Tbilisi	720	1,108,717
Tao-Artaani (Ardahan)	Artaani	4,934	92,481	18.73
Klarjeti/Artvinis (Artvin)	Artvinis	7,393	169,403	22.91

See also

This page uses material from the Wikipedia page Georgia (country), which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License (view authors).