User:Symposium/Kalseri

State of Kalșeri Rial Kalșeri (Kalhan)
Flag Emblem
Motto: Erile ríd foita (Kalhan) Unity makes strength
Anthem: "Eseșki, Kalșeri!" (Rise, Kalșeri!)
Capital and largest city	Evalria
Official languages	Kalhan
Ethnic groups (2017)	93.6% Kalșerian 6.4% others
Religion	57.2% Christiana 28.1% Irreligious 11.1% Șin Gea 3.6% Other
Demonym(s)	Kalșerian
Government	Federal presidential constitutional republic
• President	Maksimilianus Ureska (SoCoop)
• Head Minister	Guendalina Hors (Minister of Social Insurance; SoCoop)
• High Summoner	Kassandra Niúel (KC)
Legislature	High Council
Establishment
• Incoronation of Rovuan I as King of Greater Lág	836 AD
• Establishment of the British Province of Callen	1659
• Treaty of Cape Sundervale	June 17, 1784
• Reunification of North and South Kalșeri	July 31, 1952
• Cape Sundervale Agreement	July 18, 1991
Population
• 2018 estimate	28,773,400 (51st)
GDP (PPP)	2018 estimate
• Total	$1.004 trillion
GDP (nominal)	2018 estimate
• Total	$947 billion
Gini (2013)	35.2 medium
HDI	0.902 very high
Currency	Kalșerian hem (ħ) (KAH)
Time zone	UTC-3 (KST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-3 (not observed)
Date format	yyyy-mm-dd (CE)
Driving side	right
Calling code	+1-237
ISO 3166 code	KL
Internet TLD	.kl
36.4% (20.8% of total inhabitants) Anglican 28.1% (16.1% of total inhabitants) Methodist 20.5% (11.7% of total inhabitants) Catholic 14.0% (8.0% of total inhabitants) Lutheran 1.0% (0.6% of total inhabitants) Other denominations

Kalșeri, (occasionally rendered as Kalseri or Kalsheri; /kælˈʃɛrɪ/, Kalhan: [kɐlˈʃeɾɪ]), officially the State of Kalșeri (Rial Kalșeri) is an island country in North America, lying on the North Atlantic Ocean. It consists of a major island and several smaller islands, some of which inhabited. With a population of 28,773,400, Kalșeri is the 51st most populated country, between Mozambique and Madagascar.

Kalșeri is a federal presidential republic that consists of 12 cantons and an autonomous division: the Condominium of Șanvel, shared with the United Kingdom. The President, who is also the head of government, is elected directly by the people every five years, and their powers include signing or vetoing bills passed by the High Council, which meets in the capital city of Evalria. The High Council is the organ through which the people request laws to be promulgated or repealed; it is headed by the High Summoner, who convenes or adjourns it upon consent of the President.

Kalșeri is a member of the United Nations, the Commonwealth of Nations, NATO, OECD, WTO, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the OAS.

Etymology

The name Kalșeri is an abbreviation of Kalhanseri, literally meaning "Kalhan house". This word was first used by British-Kalșerian poet Tomas "Far Kalseris" Urgel in his 1768 book Seriflamon ("About the Fatherland"), where he pushed for the independence of Kalșeri from Great Britain. The book saw immediate success among Kalhan-speaking people, but was banned by the British authorities. The term Kalhan itself is the rendition of the name "(Province of) Callen" in the language, which in turn comes from the Kalhan Stone, a piece of one of the three obelisks built by Rovuan the Conqueror to commemorate his victory over the Așál, Kalúen and Takalim tribes in the 9th century CE, which contained the following text:

KALHANALE·NURKEØIN·YGEȘ·HALIE·YGEȘ·GIJAKESA·CYMES·LEMMOGO

(modern Kalhan: Kalhanle nurkien iehale iegiksa kims lemmio) which means "Kalhan shall be spoken everywhere by everyone until the end of time". The stone was discovered in 1574 by Spanish missionary Carlos Rodríguez Sobral, who brought it home and attempted to decipher it; the stone would travel the world and be studied for centuries, before being returned in 1953, at the behest of the Kalșerian government.

History

Prehistory

Main article: History of Kalșeri

Excavations close to the Raiem Hill found tools and bones that date back to around 10,000 BC, showing that modern-day Kalșeri began to be populated around that date. However, the first stable settlement is dated at around 4500 BC, in modern-day Gomíl, and by 1000 BC, several villages were built across Raflá, the main island, the most prominent of which is Lágrél, close to Evalria. The first stable village in Iskio is believed to have been built in 850 BC, while Relkaf was not shown to be inhabited during the period.

The settlers were relatively isolated from each other and would mostly get in contact when their claims overlapped each other, causing conflicts.

First chiefdoms

The first chiefdoms started appearing during the 4th century BC.

The oldest of which is often agreed upon to be Lág. Lág is said to have been established in the year 300 BC, which is the assumed date of the coronation of the first recorded King of Lág, Ausvan I. Proofs of the first coronation taking place in 300 BC were shown by Lág-French historian Chenel Cavousse in his series of books History of Lág up to the Present Day, published in 1659.

The other seven main chiefdoms were Șanvel, Așál, Iskio, Takalim, Janval, Șindal and Kalúen. Searches in Relkaf provided still no evidence that the island was ever inhabited during this period. The eight chiefdoms were independent from each other, and skirmishes for local control were frequent; the first relevant conflict happened around 233 BC, when the Janval chiefdom annexed the Șindal rivals to its territory and brought the extinction of the rival tribe.

By 5 AD, the Urgel peninsula was populated by both the Iskio and Takalim chiefdoms; across the centuries, the contact between the two tribes resulted in the appearance of the Urgel chiefdom.

Middle Ages

Second Lág

In 813, Rovuan VII the Conqueror ascended to the throne of Lág: he immediately showed to be a belligerent king and sought to annex the seven other chiefdoms to his. After reforming the Lág army to make it more efficient and faster, Rovuan started with the invasion of the Așál chiefdom. He went with a direct approach the first time, and was defeated. Not wanting to lose again, the King adopted the ambush strategy; this time, he successfully annexed the Așál chiefdom, and the defeated soldiers were incorporated into the Lág army; he would apply the same strategy with the Kalúen and Takalim tribes. To commemorate the victories, Rovuan built three obelisks and renamed the city of Lágrél into Eșan Falseria (now Evalria).

Rovuan's army was now considered too powerful for anyone to battle them. The Șanvel chiefdom tried to topple the Lág regime, but was quickly defeated, while Urgel, Iskio and Janval, realizing that there was no feasible way to drive out the mighty Lág army, surrendered and offered to join Lág peacefully; the three new subject tribes were welcomed in 836, and their kings and commanders were spared.

In the same year, Rovuan VII was re-coronated King of Greater Lág at the main square of Eșan Falseria; he requested that Lág be referred to as Greater, as to assert dominance over the other tribes. The High Council of the Eight Tribes of Lág was established a year later, with the Eight Tribes being Lág, Șanvel, Așál, Iskio, Takalim, Janval, Urgel and Kalúen. After the coronation, Rovuan VII, now called "the Conqueror" by the commoners, would build the Royal Palace and rule over his country until his death in 847. Hundreds of people attended the funeral.

The Disorderly Biennium

Lerfuan II died in 1082. The throne was to go to the late king's first-born son, Malnus II, but he was born outside of marriage. A series of letters was exchanged between Unvan Falseris, a priest of the Serigéa, who believed that the throne was to go to someone else, and Malnus' brother Terduan, General of the Lág land army, who thought that his brother's alleged illegitimacy was not to matter.

This discussion became more intense and the words used were harsher, to the point where the exchange evolved into a conflict: one hundred Serigéa guards breached the Royal Palace of Evalria and Falseris sought to talk to Terduan about this; the latter, however, saw the unannounced appearance as trespass and promptly ordered his guards to drive out the Serigéa by all means necessary, including killing the guards in case of resistance. The guards, however, rather than using homicide as a last resort, killed every Serigéa guard on sight without hesitation. Falseris saw this as an act of war and sent more Serigéa guards in Evalria; upon discovering the plan, Terduan and his army guarded all the gates of the city.

Once the Serigéa guards arrived at the main gate, the Lág Army opened fire and proceeded to kill every Serigéa guard present; the Serigéa answered swiftly and killed the Lág soldiers to enter the City through the Main Gate. The people started taking stances, with most citizens joining Terduan's side (the Malnusists), but also a significant minority supporting Falseris (the Legitimists): what was a skirmish evolved into a civil war contained in the city. Falseris eventually surrendered and the Main Gate Treaty was signed between the two sides, downgrading the Serigéa guards to a largely ceremonial role and appointing Terduan as Regent of Lág. The treaty also compelled the Council to change the inheritance law so that only children born in marriage could ascend to the throne.

The treaty, however, did not stop the disorder in Evalria: citizens were still maiming each other, and the Lág Army had to intervene once again in the city for the conflict to stop, arresting everyone with a disorderly attitude. Terduan signed a special bill that would intensify military presence in the city for ten years and arrest any citizen who did harm to another citizen. Several people were still arrested, but the violence rates plummeted in the city following the promulgation of the bill.

Age of Explorations

(Lág intellectuals, attracted by the unknown, go to Europe to study the local culture and knowledge. This Age will last from the 1300s to the 1600s.)

Modern history

Spanish missions

In 1537, a Spanish ship docked in Loskaf, in the island of Iskio; from the ship, a group of Franciscan missionaries entered the Lág territory and settled around the dock. The village was remodelled on Spanish towns and renamed Rivas de Loscafo, with the newly-built Saint Cecilia Church being located at the center of the new settlement. During the construction of Rivas de Loscafo, the inhabitants of the existing village were driven out, sometimes forcibly. Among the citizens driven out was Sníus Randen, King Loșar II's envoy in Loskaf: Randen promptly reported the arrival of the Spanish and asked that the King take action.

A few days after the church was inaugurated, Loșar arrived in Loskaf and asked an explanation to the main friar, Alejandro Gutiérrez Sepúlveda; the latter answered, in Kalhan, that he and his group were not trying to do any harm, but rather just spreading the word of God in the island. The King, believing that Gutiérrez was acting in good faith, decided to let the Spaniards stay in the island; he later issued a bill that would allow Catholicism to be freely followed in the Lág Kingdom.

Intrigued by the religion, Loșar insisted on taking lessons about the religion in Latin and Spanish, not wanting to look unprepared for his announced conversion to Catholicism. On May 24, 1539, as scheduled, the King was baptized in the waters of the San Rafael River, close to Rivas de Loscafo, and adopted the Christian name of Joseph. The King's wife and children were baptized, as well, and his father chose the name Philip for the first-born child, Matthew for the second-born and Mary for the youngest daughter. Joseph's wife chose to be baptized as Lydia.

Three years after the conversion, Joseph would make Catholicism the official religion of the Royal Family. He continued reigning over Lág until his death in 1568; he would later be beatified and sanctified by the Catholic Church in 1987 for his actions. Joseph was succeeded by his first-born son Philip. The new king kept the same views on the Catholic Church as his father's, and later issued a bill that would make Catholicism the official religion of Lág. He helped to build churches everywhere in the country and funded Catholic institutions in Lág.

Following the adoption of the Gregorian calendar in Spain in 1582, Philip issued the Calendar Act, which would introduce the Gregorian calendar in Lág. He would also contribute to the latinization of the Kalhan language, ditching the Old Kalhan alphabet for all official purposes.

For years, more missionaries would settle in Iskio and Raflá, create more villages according to the model applied in their homeland and spread Catholicism in the country. However, the works of the Spaniards were severely limited by the harsh winters and the generally less-than-ideal weather in the Kingdom, as shown by the relative scarcity of Spanish settlements in the main islands, rarifying even more in the North.

Bad weather was the main factor behind the withdrawal of the missionaries from the island, as no new missions were carried out after 1593, and few monks decided to stay in the Kingdom; among those few was Rodolfo Sánchez Piernas (Rodolf Sanșis), who would go on to become Philip II's trusted High Summoner of the Council of the Eight Tribes.

English settlement

Map showing the British (until 1707 English) colonies in modern-day Kalșeri

In 1667, the English Province of Cape Sundervale, at the time occupied by the Șanvel tribe, was established; it covered the northern settlement of Șanvel and Relkaf Island; King John II of Lág saw this as violation of sovereignty and threatened to personally arrest Reginald Simms, the Governor of the Colony, if the English did not leave the island as soon as possible. Upon seeing that the settlers refused to quit the island, John ordered his army to kidnap Simms and destroy the English port in the settlement. Simms was successfully kidnapped, but the destruction plot was foiled by the local guards, who then proceeded to arrest the designated saboteurs. John attempted once again to drive out the English from his island by plotting to destroy the first English ship to dock at the pier using the most furnished divisions of his Army.

Upon discovering the plan, England waged war against Lág and, after a a month-long conflict, the Kingdom was consequently annexed to England and reorganized as the Province of Callen. John II was hanged in front of the Governor's Mansion in Cape Sundervale in February 1668, while the rest of the Lág royal family and the now-dissolved Lág Army was banned from entering the Cape; Simms was freed and reinstated as Governor of the Province of Cape Sundervale, and Anglicanism was made the official religion in the islands. Another condition imposed by the war was that all Kalhan names of cities and villages were to be changed to English names, such as Evalria being renamed New Leeds.

Tea Revolt and War of Independence

In 1765, the British Parliament passed the Stamp Act; the act was met with harsh complaints from the authorities in New Leeds, because it was seen as an act imposed by a Parliament in which they had no say. A year later, the British Parliament repealed the Stamp Act, but it also threatened to extradite those who lived in the Province of Callen to face trial in England, should another protest arise.

Upon finding out that enforcing taxes like the Stamp Act was difficult, the Parliament in London then repealed all the controversial taxes, but later passed one such tax in 1773. Much like in the other colonies, the East Indian tea was met with resistance, and, at the climax of the Tea Revolt, an organization called Hișli Vionia ("Free Sons") fired a cannon against a ship carrying East Indian tea to Port Walpole, destroying her. Following the incident, the Province of Callen deprived of its autonomy and passed a series of acts similar to the Intolerable ones in Boston. The response of the Hișli Vionia was to set up a local council, essentially rejecting the Crown's authority in the Province; the organization also called for boycott of British goods.

After declaring the Province of Callen to be in a state of rebellion, the British intervened and ordered the withdrawal of the local section of the Army; the latter refused to leave the colony. On November 4, 1774, fighting broke out in New Leeds, with the rebel soldiers being joined by Ioen Lágan's newly-formed Kalhan Militia; however, the rebels lost and were forced to relocate to Saint Paul, where they would plan an ambush attack against the British, rather than attacking them directly. Throughout 1775, more people joined the Kalhan Militia, which was then reorganized into the Kalșerian Army.

On March 18, 1775, the Kalșerian Army entered New Leeds through an unprotected gate and drove out the British, declaring New Leeds (now Evalria) the capital city of Kalșeri. More cities were then freed of British control, causing more people to join the Kalșerian Army. After suffering a defeat in Chalmersville (today Iarkel), the Kalșerian Army underwent a revamp, rationalizing the internal structure as much as possible and changing several older officials to newer, more skilled ones.

After the reorganization, Ioen Lágan would ask the Kingdom of France and the Spanish Empire to help the Kalșerian Army achieve the goal of independence. The two superpowers agreed, and the KFE Entente was formed. After a series of important victories, the Entente would eventually surround the British Army in Ginfra on August 29, 1783; there, General Harold Lance, understanding that there was no feasible way of fighting back without suffering significant losses, surrendered.

The Peace of Paris brought the independence of the United States and Kalșeri, with General Ioen Lágan being appointed King, with the regal name of John III. However, during the treaty, the inhabitants of Cape Sundervale expressed reluctance to join the newly-born Kingdom of Kalșeri; aware of this, John III agreed to let the British Crown keep the Province of Cape Sundervale. As a sign of gratitude towards France and Spain, the Kalșerian Crown offered two uninhabited 2 km² allotments by the coast in the island of Iskio to the two colonial superpowers, but both countries refused.

Constitutional period

On September 7, 1783, John III was coronated in New Leeds, in front of thousands of people. During the week from September 8 to September 15, he issued a series of decrees that would later establish a federal parliamentary monarchic framework, such as the Grouping Act, which would allow parties to be formed, and the Subdivision Act 1783, which would establish a pyramid of local government, with the federal cantons at the top, followed by counties and baronetcies, and municipalities at the bottom.

Taking advantage of the Grouping Act, the majority of members of Hișli Vionia would go on to form the Kalhan Front (Kalhan Eri), while others would form the Liberal Party; the two parties would then collaborate with the King to form the High Council in 1784 and the requirements to vote (citizens could vote if they were males, if they were 21 or older and they could read or if they were 21 or older, illiterate and had previously served in the military, and if they were not previously convicted). Another party, the BIP, was formed to protect the interests of British citizens living in the Kingdom. On September 20, 1784, the first democratic elections took place, and the Kalhan Front won 48 of the 80 seats in the High Council, with the Liberals winning 31 and the BIP winning one; Petrus Șámberlen (KF) was subsequently nominated the first Prime Minister.

Important bills isued under Șámberlen's government were the Freemen Act of 1788, which would ban slavery in the Kingdom, and the introduction of a new currency, the Kalșerian dollar, although coinage did not begin until the Bank of Kalșeri was created in 1791 and a silver standard based on the Spanish dollar was adopted three years later.

Gann's cabinets

After the 1869 election took place and being nominated by the High Council and the King, handling the first CDP–Liberal government was not an easy task for Enrik Gann, as he was constantly pressured by Ieremía Skanhal's Kalhan Front to expand the electoral base. After initial resistance, Gann eventually gave in and allowed the Coalition to start a series of talks with the Kalhan Front. The Loyalists, while agreeing that the base needed to be expanded, decided not to intervene, declaring that they would obey British laws. The talks eventually led up to the drafting of the Base Act, which would expand the electoral base for the High Council by abolishing the conviction clause and granting the right to vote to every male 21 or older, regardless of literacy. With this, the voting base went from 32.6% to 47%.

Gann's policies included the stipulation of a free trade agreement between Cape Sundervale and Kalșeri and compulsory education for children between 5 and 12 years of age in 1873.

The Long Depression impacted Kalșeri as well, as the mainland was hit by the wave of unemployment from the United States, while Cape Sundervale suffered from the trade slump Britain was facing. Gann then enacted several protectionist laws to foster Kalșerian production, under which the import of crop and from other countries was severely limited, synthetized by Gann's famous words:

Rodle uașta kukissiviód, neu uașta kukișad aniahalfi? Ne deventas: aina șers rial e vúi drirta șers rialvașiau, au kuki vuiata aniahalfi e vúi șalánta șalseli dreridúkiau? (If one can't get it here, why should one get it from elsewhere? What would you rather do: support our country and grant employment to our compatriots in these times of need, or import the goods from elsewhere and give money to greedy executives?)

— Prime Minister Enrik Gann during the re-election campaign, Evalria, February 24, 1874

The protectionist policies were supported by the Kalhan Front, with Skanhal announcing that his party would be ready to assist the governing coalition on the topics of employment and distribution of national goods.

Throughout 1874, most parties stuck to campaigning in big cities, but the Kalhan Front, staying true to its slogan "One People, One Language, One Nation", campaigned in rural communities as well, touching a potential electoral goldmine.

Gann was narrowly re-elected Prime Minister, although every party except for the Kalhan Front lost seats. This year also marks the entrance of the Monarchists in the High Council.

The Prime Minister closely followed his line during the past cabinet. Under the second cabinet, the Currency Act was amended to limit the amount of coins and banknotes that could be created, to prevent hyperinflation, a chain of government-run shops offering solely products made in Kalșeri was opened, schools and factories were built and the first university in Kalșeri was opened, offering courses both in Kalhan and in English. The Currency Act of 1789 was amended in 1877, with the adoption of the gold standard; the Kalșerian hem, which replaced the dollar, was now tied to gold, with 1 gram of gold being equal to 1 hem (ħ31.103 per troy ounce), and the metric system was adopted in 1878; the adoption of the metric system was followed by a "conversion period", in which every official measurement would be displayed in both the metric system and the traditional measurement system for 10 years, after which only the metric system would be used.

Gregory and advent of the Republic

On December 12, 1877, John IV died without issuing any heirs, causing the main branch of the royal family to become extinct. The late monarch's personal physician insisted that this happened because John's wives were sterile, but it was speculated that the late king was actually impotent. Soon after the death of John IV, three options were considered: hold a referendum to establish a republic (supported by the Kalhan Front), appoint someone else from the family as King (proposed by the Monarchists) or have the Prime Minister serve as the Regent until a suitable successor is found (legally allowed, but not supported by anyone in particular). Gann decided to go with the proposal by the Monarchist Party: the Royal Succession Committee (Ríeli Andoeri) was formed three days after the death of the King. After inspecting the royal family tree, the Committee chose Gregory, the late monarch's cousin, as the new King. After accepting, Gregory was nominated King and coronated in Evalria, on January 1, 1878.

(Sep. 20, 1879 election)

(Scramble for Africa...)

(Sep. 20, 1884 election)

(Sep. 20, 1889 election)

The first years of Gregory's reign were marked by instability and insecurity caused by the Long Depression, but his authoritative figure helped to establish a climate of peace and order in Kalșeri. His reign would last until the night of April 19, 1891, when Gregory died in his sleep. Like his cousin John IV, Gregory died without issuing any legit heirs. Gregory did have a son, but he was born out of wedlock, and thus barred from ascending to the Kalșerian throne.

With the death of the heirless king, the Kalhan Front brought back the proposal to hold a referendum to establish a republic. Initially, the Monarchists were pushing for Ieroneus to be coronated, but when it was pointed out that he was not eligible for the throne, they backed out and the majority of the party preferred not to intervene in the issue. The CDP, not wanting to resurrect the Committee again, supported the Front's proposal. A special bill was passed to allow the referendum to take place.

On May 1, 1891, the referendum took place. For this referendum, women 21 and older were also allowed to vote. The day after the referendum, the results were announced at the Royal Palace in Evalria: 57% voted to establish a Republic, while 43% voted to keep the Monarchy. Ieremía Skanhal was elected temporary Head of State by the High Council and actively helped the country to complete the transition.

(Sep. 20, 1894 election)

The Quadriennium of Unrest and division

1. 1892-95: Series of conflicts between Republicans (led by Malnus Șiven) and Monarchists (led by Lisandrus Vark), who aim to place Prince Jerome (son of Gregory) to the throne.
2. 1896-02-27: Division of Kalșeri between north (Third Kingdom of Lág) and south (Kalșerian Republic). The two countries do not recognize each other.

(Sep. 20, 1899 elections)

1900s

Ioen Rovuan's dictatorship

Flag of the Kalșerian Movement for Action, commonly known as the Silverjackets

On October 29, 1929, the New York Stock Exchange crashed; from this event, the Great Depression kicked in, causing companies and banks to fail, unemployment to rise and personal income, prices, profits and tax revenue to plummet. The crisis made citizens look for alternatives to the traditional parties, who came up with unsatisfactory results to combat the crisis; the most prominent of these "alternative movements" was the Movement for Action (Driréri), also called the Silverjackets due to the uniform the members were wearing, led by actor Ioen Klarensius Șandler. With the parties giving no clear solution to the crisis, many citizens started registering for the Silverjackets, who then restored order in the cities through unorthodox means, fundamentally acting as a "private police".

The popularity of the Silverjackets culminated on May 1, 1932, when President Egbert Raus resigned. The resignation triggered a snap election, after which Șandler was elected President of Kalșeri. At the inauguration speech, Șandler made clear that "he was not to stay there and do nothing", reflecting the Kalșerian philosophy of directness.

The first few months of Șandler's presidency were marked by the creation of the Kalșerian Air Force on January 1, 1933. On April 3, 1933, the High Council, controlled by the Silverjackets, passed a controversial law that would allow the President to draft bills and submit them to the High Council. After the bill was signed into law, Șandler started calling himself Ioen Rovuan, in honor of Rovuan VII, the first King of the Greater Lág. He then passed a bill that would ban all opposition parties from entering the High Council, and the hem was renamed "rovuan". The Kalșerie Ginaia would be made the Republic's official shop, too, making the registration of a private shop extremely difficult; this measure proved to be unpopular among commoners, and Rovuan was forced to revert the change.

The ban on other political parties in the High Council was met with harsh resistance, and on March 16, 1933, the Kalhan Front, the CDP and the Liberals would create the Free Council, where all the banned parties could meet. Rovuan ordered the arrest of the leaders of the main parties multiple times for this, but the Silverjackets were stopped by the Free Council's militia, the Kalhan Liberation Squadron (KLS), every time.

Kalșerian–Reformed Lág War

Realizing that persecuting the Free Council would have led to unrest, Ioen Rovuan changed strategy: he actively invited the Free Council to help him prepare the invasion of the Reformed Lág and Cape Sundervale, as part of his "One People, One Language, One Nation" doctrine. The Free Council rejected Rovuan's request and sided with Lág, before declaring war against the Kalșerian Republic; the Kalșerian–Reformed Lág War had begun.

On July 15, 1933, the Republic swiftly invaded Ștet, the capital city of the Reformed Lág; the royal authorities were forced to move to Klián, where the Free Council had moved, and planned a counter-offensive there. Lág Prime Minister Baron Halas would then contact the British, alerting them that Ioen Rovuan's army had a high chance of seizing Cape Sundervale from them. An exchange of telegrams took place between Ramsay MacDonald and Governor Charles Greene, discussing about how London was to defend the Cape.

Internal resistance was also developing in Iskio, which had been controlled more severely than other cantons because of its important port. On the night of August 19, 1933, the KLS seized the battleships Ausvan and Iușa at Ginfra and placed them close to Cape Sundervale. Ioen Rovuan let this operation take place, unaware of who was actually controlling the battleships.

While the exchange was going, feeling confident, Ioen Rovuan pushed towards Cape Sundervale, ignoring his generals' fears of a British intervention and clearly stating: "London will tremble in front of me". Rovuan's army was ordered to bypass the heavily-guarded King's Gate and invade the Cape by going on water and entering the territory through an unguarded port. General Torvald Vankius noted that for every soldier to carry on the invasion alive and well, a floating device was needed; the dictator answered: "Are you doubting the physical strength of our valiant men, Tor? They will just swim there, they're strong enough!", ignoring that the soldiers who were ordered to invade the Cape were malnourished, as most of the trucks delivering basic needs had been hijacked by the KLS. On the night between August 8 and 9, one hundred men acted as ordered, swimming the Sundervale Strait; out of these 100 soldiers, 97 drowned because they couldn't swim, weren't strong enough to swim for fifteen kilometers or because of hypothermia. The three men who managed to reach the designated landing port were exhausted and, upon being noticed by a British, put up no resistance. One more soldier would die of hypothermia after the operation, while the other two were sent to the nearest clinic.

Vankius reported that the operation failed, with all but two soldiers dying; Ioen Rovuan then changed strategy and decided to breach the Cape through King's Gate. General Herman Skandvel intervened, saying that such an invasion would be impossible and that the British would immediately notice the invaders; the dictator ignored Skandvel's objection and ordered the plan to be carried out. On August 22, 1933, the Republican Army entered Victoria Street, through the Main Gate; Governor Greene quickly alerted London about Rovuan's arrival, and the local section of the British Army immediately responded to the attempted invasion by opening fire. The British easily defended the Cape, while the Republican Army division tasked with invading the Cape was decimated, mostly for the same causes as the failed surprise invasion: the soldiers simply weren't strong enough to endure a battling session.

Leaving nothing to chance, not even the worst-case scenario, the British authorities authorized Rodney and Nelson to go to Cape Sundervale, on the other side of the cape, opposite Ausvan and Iușa.

Downfall of Ioen Rovuan

On September 15, 1933, the two British battleships arrived. Realizing that the British had placed two battleships by Cape Sundervale, the dictator ordered Vankius to bring out the battleships Loșar I and Furfius and deal with the four enemy battleships. General Vankius replied that the two ships were not big enough to withstand the attack of the four enemy battleships, and that Loșar I had been decommissioned in 1927, so only Furfius was available. Rovuan repeated his order, but Vankius objected once again, saying that bringing Loșar I back in action would mean having to fix her and upgrade the weapons, and that he himself was the general of the Land Army; after witnessing a rant by Rovuan on how the generals were pedantic, Vankius asked Admiral Jorj Tarson to bring back Loșar I and Furfius; Tarson obliged, even though both officials knew that the operation was doomed to fail.

During September of 1933, Vankius defected to the British–KLS side, citing Rovuan's poor decision-making skills as the main reason behind the side change. The night of September 25, 1933, in a secret location by Cape Sundervale, the general revealed Rovuan's counter-offensive; when he mentioned that the dictator was planning to use two massively outdated ships, the British officials went into a laughing fit, as reported in his autobiography:

After I showed every technical detail of Loșar I and Furfius to the two British commanders [Lieutenant-Commander Alwyn Chandler and Major Kenneth Laven], they asked me if I was serious about Rovuan using those two boats. I nodded; the collective reaction was of hysterical laughter. The normally stern Britons couldn't stop laughing. Chandler tried to contain his laughter and asked me: "So, you're telling me that he wants to take us out of the game..." He stopped mid-sentence, taking some air in. "...with those broken toys?" I said yes. I then posed a question: "Would you ask a butcher to give you a loaf of bread?" The two officials shook their head, almost instantaneously. "Good. You could run the country better than him." I then proceeded to explain that Rovuan's request was directed at the wrong guy the whole time: I was General Torvald Vankius, not Admiral Jorj Tarson. A wave of embarrassment made me cover the face with my hands, for I was ashamed of having served for that idiot [Ioen Rovuan]. He wanted to run a country when he didn't have the skills of running a barn in Șindal! A child could have done a better job than Rovuan did! I knew this whole Silverjacket thing was doomed to fail. He'd never served in the Army, after all. The only reason I served for Ioen in the first place was to make myself feel safe in the hellhole he'd created.

— General Torvald Vankius, Life in the Barracks, 1957

Meanwhile, in Evalria, Ioen Rovuan's figure went from being praised to being openly derided, to the point where he became the subject of many jokes about his incompetent military leadership. The Silverjackets initially tried to arrest anyone who uttered those jokes, but then they stopped prosecuting anyone over it, seeing that they were based on the official radio broadcasts; the expressions nó Șanveltrolla ("to swim through the Sundervale Strait", which means doing the impossible and failing) and ioenrovuanși (literally "to Ioen Rovuan", meaning to stubbornly reject reality and force orders to be carried out) have since entered common usage. The derision was exacerbated by Rovuan's inaction about the crisis brought in by the Great Depression. By this point, even the most loyal Silverjackets began to express discontent about Rovuan's actions, such as Ausvan Simmel, co-founder of the Silverjackets, who labelled Rovuan's regime as "nothing short of a farce".

Upon discovering that General Vankius had defected to the other side, Ioen Rovuan was reported to have exploded into a curse-laden rant about how he should have liquidated the General when he had the chance. Rovuan then ordered Loșar I and Furfius to fire. The "Battle of Cape Sundervale" was promoted by Ioen Rovuan to be the battle where the Kalșerian Republic would triumph over the British, even though everyone else lost all hope of winning the war. Simmel went to Cape Sundervale and tried to talk Rovuan out of declaring the war, but his appeal fell to deaf ears.

Not wanting to deal with any popular revolt, the High Council repealed every act signed into law by Ioen Rovuan that was considered hirkaunali (literally "which slaughters freedom", loosely translated to "oppressive"), from October to December of 1933; the Bill Act was repealed, opposition parties were allowed back in, the rovuan's name was reverted to "hem", new elections were scheduled for next year and Ioen Rovuan was declared incapacitated by the High Council, which then elected High Summoner Tomas U. Lerfe as President pro tempore.

Death of Ioen Rovuan and Treaty of Ștet

On January 4, 1934, at 8am KST, after waking up, Ioen Rovuan asked Admiral Tarson about the state of the battle. The Admiral replied that there was no battle going on. Rovuan requested an explanation; Tarson then opened the curtains of the biggest window in the Governor's Mansion, revealing Lieutenant Șimón Raistat holding a white piece of clothing in front of Lieutenant-Commander Alwyn Chandler. The Republic had surrendered, thus ending the war. Rovuan was furious and ordered Enrik Șeon, a guard who was standing on the other side of the room, to get out and arrest Raistat; Șeon refused, pulled out his Enfield No. 2 and shot Rovuan in the head. After hearing a loud bang from inside the Mansion, Raistat and Chandler went inside to see what caused that noise; Tarson came up to them and told them "they wouldn't have to worry about Rovuan anymore".

The news of the death of Ioen Rovuan reached Evalria in an hour. When Lerfe announced the news live on the radio, the citizens in the capital went out of the streets and cheered; similar episodes happened in other cities, as well. The High Council was then dissolved and the High Summoner resigned. The reaction of the press ranged from relatively neutral (such as Evalria Inquirer's headline "Ioen Rovuan Tard", "Ioen Rovuan Is Dead") to openly mocking, such as Ștet Gazette publishing the headline "Rovuan K***iend!" ("Rovuan Goes to H***!", kauna is an extremely powerful swear word; the copy editor lost his job for this headline), or the Kalșerian Telegraph's "Șure, Șeon!" ("Thank you, Șeon!"); only one newspaper in the whole country, the Flakeș Times, spoke positively of Ioen Rovuan after his death, but only because Rovuan was born in Flakeș. Historians frequently describe Rovuan as a powerful politician, but an incompetent general.

Five days after the death of the dictator, when Șeon entered Evalria, he was lauded by the citizens as a "national hero" who "killed tyranny"; he then announced that the Republic, the Reformed Lág and the United Kingdom were ready for a peace treaty.

On January 14, 1934, Vankius, Lerfe, Ieroneus Lágan, Chandler, Laven and Greene went to Ștet and discussed the terms for the peace treaty. Three days later, the final copy of the treaty was signed at the Royal Palace of the Reformed Lág: the treaty included a Kalșerian–Reformed Lág non-aggression pact, the reinstatement of the borders before the war and the inclusion of a clause that would compel the two countries to help the United Kingdom in case of foreign aggression. Another important clause was the heavy monitoring of the Movement for Action for the next ten years: this clause was requested by Tomas U. Lerfe, who saw conditional operation as the better option, rather than outright banning the Movement, as to allow the inclusion of the Silverjackets in the political life of the reformed republic and to avoid another political conflict.

Return to democracy

On February of 1934, the Kalhan Front merged with the Social Democrats, the Communists and several smaller left-wing parties to form the Social Cooperation Party (Giavrerdoeri); the party promised the creation of public work projects to combat the rampant unemployment. Enrik Șeon would end up joining the Christian Democrats and be nominated as the party's candidate.

The first free presidential election since Ioen Rovuan's rise to power took place, with the SoCoop candidate Ignașus Holbek being elected to the post. As soon as Holbek stepped in, he created the National Reconstruction Board, which aimed to rescue, restructure and finance banks and private companies that went bankrupt during the Great Depression, akin to the Italian IRI, the National Works Board, to rapidly create manual-labor jobs for millions of unemployed workers, the National Farm Board, to combat poverty in rural areas of the country and to create jobs for unskilled young men, and the Ministry of Social Insurance, which handles the benefits of retired workers, disabled citizens and veterans to this day; the creation of most of these entities was propelled by the success of Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal.

On July 1, 1934 the Charter of Kalșeri, written by some members of all the major Kalșerian parties at the time, was unanimously passed by the High Council; among the new rights, the Charter expanded the voting rights for anyone 18 or older, regardless of sex, religion, political affiliation or past convictions. Following the promulgation of the Charter, about five thousand women celebrated at King Ausvan Square in Evalria.

Another important bill passed under Holbek was an amendment to the High Council Act of 1869, which modified the number of seats per canton: rather than allotting a fixed number of seats, the number of the seats per canton was determined by the number of inhabitants in the state at the time of the election, divided by 150,000; this amendment still stands to this day.

Most of the national boards created by Holbek would later be made redundant by 1939, as their operations were deemed no longer necessary and they were conceived as temporary measures, but at the behest of those covered by the Ministry of Social Insurance, the President decided to keep the Ministry and the National Reconstruction Board.

World War II

(Sep. 20, 1939 presidential election) -> Holbek re-elected. Kalșeri declares its neutrality, but sends some soldiers to help the British throughout the war, as specified by the Treaty of Ștet.

(Language reform some time in the 1940s?)

(Sep. 20, 1944 presidential election) -> Holbek re-elected. His third term was marked by Kalșeri's accession to several world-wide organizations, all done with his trusted Minister of External Affairs Ioen B. Jervál.

Contemporary history

On April 30, 1948, Kalșeri signed the Charter of the Organization of American States, thus joining the OAS.

On June 26, 1945, Ioen Jervál was sent as the Kalșerian delegate to sign the UN Charter in San Francisco.

On April 23, 1947, Kalșeri joined the International Monetary Fund.

Talks of re-unification begin to pop up when King Ieroneus starts showing precarious health. Holbek does not reject the idea, but feels the need to consider it in every aspect before he feels confident. This will lead to Holbek being chastised about this.

On April 3, 1949, North Atlantic Treaty, signed the next day in Washington, D.C..

On May 25, 1949, after the London Declaration was issued, Kalșeri joined the Commonwealth of Nations

(1949: Kalșeri joins NATO)

(Sep. 20, 1949 presidential election) -> Stevan Kirkia (Liberal) elected. He is pro-unification and ready to unite the two countries. In 1951, Kalșeri joined the World Bank Group and its component organizations.

Reunification

The new flag of Kalșeri, adopted on August 1, 1952

On June 14, 1952, King Ieroneus of the Reformed Lág died of lung cancer. Pressured by the people of both the Reformed Lág and Kalșeri, the Lág Prime Minister Sníus Kelman, Duke of Imanhal went to Evalria and talked to Kalșerian President Stevan Kirkia about re-unifying Kalșeri. The two then agreed to meet at Klián, capital city of the canton of Urgel, on June 19; there, Kirkia and Kelman signed a treaty replacing the Lág mark with the Kalșerian hem as the official currency of the Reformed Lág.

On June 27, the Lág Parliament and the Kalșerian High Council both passed a resolution allowing the accession of the Kingdom of Lág to the Kalșerian Republic. Throughout July of 1952, the Lág Parliament passed a series of resolution that would change the Royal Document of Basic Law to better fit the republican framework of Kalșeri.

On July 31, 1952, the Treaty of Klián, officially titled Șure Șin Ríehal Lágs Terremon Kalșerili Repúblikau (Treaty concerning the accession of the Reformed Kingdom of Lág to the Kalșerian Republic) was signed between Kelman and Kirkia and passed by the legislative bodies of both countries. The next day, Kirkia signed into law the National Symbols Act; with this bill, a new flag was introduced, the national motto of the newly-born State of Kalșeri was changed from Repúblika iekim ("Republic forever") to Erile ríd foita ("Unity makes strength") and the emblem was changed, while the national anthem stayed the same. To celebrate the event, thousands of people gathered as King Ausvan Square was renamed "Unification Square" (Eriplas).

The next week, High Council elections were held in the cantons of the former kingdom; the parties of the now-defunct Reformed Lág were merged to their Kalșerian counterparts. Upon entering the High Council for the first time in 56 years, the High Councillors from the former Kingdom sang the national anthem. On August 10, a bill was signed into law, allowing noblemen from the former Kingdom to keep their titles, which were however converted from hereditary titles to life titles; nobles born after August 10, 1952 were thus ineligible to inherit titles.

(Sep. 20, 1954 presidential election)

(Sep. 20, 1959 presidential election) -> Liberals and Christian Democrats merge, forming the Liberal Democratic Party.

On September of 1961, Kalșeri, along with twenty other Western countries, founded the OECD, after the preceding organization, the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC), was reformed to allow non-European countries to join.

(Sep. 20, 1964 presidential election)

(Sep. 20, 1969 presidential election)

1971: Kalșeri abandons the Bretton Woods system, making the hem a free-floating fiat currency.

(Sep. 20, 1974 presidential election)

(Sep. 20, 1979 presidential election)

(Sep. 20, 1984 presidential election) -> Ionas Filsak (LibDem) elected.

Condominium of Cape Sundervale

The Treaty of Cape Sundervale, signed in 1784, was due to expire on June 17, 1984. While Relkaf raised few to no objections to being returned to Kalșeri, Cape Sundervale was reluctant to enter the republican framework of the mainland. To show this, the Loyalist Party (the Cape Sundervale section of the British Interests Party) and its supporters marched down Victoria Street and demanded that a clear solution be adopted.

Aware of the issue, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, Governor-General Garry Halford and Kalșerian President Ionas Filsak met in Cape Sundervale to discuss the most appropriate solution. At first, Garnaș proposed a referendum asking residents of Cape Sundervale if they wished to stay part of the United Kingdom or join Kalșeri, but after the Loyalist manifestation, he saw that the results of such referendum would be decided from the start, and he came up with another plan: Kalșeri and the United Kingdom would manage the Cape together, with the Governor being nominated by both the British monarch and the Kalșerian president, and the creation of the post of Mayor, who would be elected by the people. Thatcher did not agree to the plan, and instead asked for an extension of the treaty for at least 15 years; Garnaș and Halford obliged, and the Treaty of Cape Sundervale was extended.

(Sep. 20, 1989 presidential election) -> Filippus Garnaș (LibDem) elected.

After Thatcher resigned in November of 1990, John Major was nominated Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. Major initially wished for Cape Sundervale to be a permanent part of Britain, but he later showed to be available for compromises. On July 18, 1991, after a series of talks and exchanges of letters, the Cape Sundervale Agreement was signed by Major, Halford and President Filippus Garnaș; Relkaf Island was given to Kalșeri, which now had a say in the management of Cape Sundervale. Under the Governor election clause, both Elizabeth II and Filippus Garnaș confirmed Laven to the post of Governor, while the first elected Mayor of Cape Sundervale was Louise Beckmann, one of the first female mayors to be elected in all of Kalșeri.

Another piece of legislation brought by the Agreement was a third amendment to the High Council Act of 1869, to grant Cape Sundervale a High Councillor.

Present

1991-93: KalPost privatized. Ministry of Post and Communications abolished.

On April 15, 1994, the Kalșerian Foreign Minister Ionatán Hendriks signed the Marrakesh Agreement, along with 124 other nations, establishing the World Trade Organization.

(Sep. 20, 1994 presidential election) -> Garnaș re-elected.

In 1995, Șin Gea ("New Faith"), a religious organization whose mission is to resurrect the pre-Christian religion Serigéa, was founded by Ioen Petrus Samenhal, better known as "Father Lerfuan". Șin Gea saw immediate success among rebellious young adults and nationalist clubs such as Șin Seri. Șin Gea was consequently added in the 2000 census; there, more than 8% of the population declared to belong to Șin Gea. The organization applied for tax exemption multiple times, but it was rejected every time, as according to the Creed Organizations Act, a religious organization could apply for tax exemption only after being established for 50 years. In conjunction with the ancient religion being revived, the old script was brought back, with Șin Gea pressuring the government to re-introduce the script; the result was that places and buildings were now allowed to place signage in old script in conjunction with signs in the current alphabet.

On October 19, 1997, Rashid al-Mufti, a 53-year-old Algerian restaurant manager who had been living in Kalșeri for nine years, was fatally shot in Enjamúl by Kalșerian policeman Senmur Fidlin; the incident caused an underground organization called "Let's End Gun Violence" (Stașer Leválargurta), the Algerian Association of Kalșeri and the Muslim community of Enjamúl to protest peacefully by the crime scene, demanding an explanation of the homicide. On October 27, at 6:58am, the Enjamúl Police Department central building was bombed by Hamza al-Mufti, the victim's brother, killing 46 people, including the perpetrator. In response to the attack, President Garnaș signed the Public Security Act, which, among the measures, ordered all "sensitive buildings", such as police department headquarters and ministries, to be guarded non-stop and more stringent security checks to be applied in airports. In the meanwhile, to fend off the increasingly voiced accusations of racism, Fidlin stated that he shot al-Mufti because the latter was suspected of repeated shoplifting and resisted arrest, but after the victim's family house was searched by the police, nothing was found. On February 8, 1998, Senmur Fidlin was expelled from the Enjamúl Police Department, sentenced to 15 years in prison for murder and banned from carrying a firearm.

(Sep. 20, 1999 presidential election)

(Sep. 20, 2004 presidential election)

(Sep. 20, 2009 presidential election)

(Sep. 20, 2014 presidential election)

On March 7, 2016, President Maksimilianus Ureska signed an amendment to the Creed Organizations Act, which would prohibit religious organizations from asking for tax exemptions, and existing tax exemptions for churches would be abolished. The amendment was challenged by Father Lerfuan in the Supreme Court as going against Article III of the Charter, but the case was thrown out of court, and Justice Tomas Haufersagt stated that the abolition of tax exemption requests concerned the financial side of the affected organizations, and did not compromise its religious operations.

(Sep. 20, 2019 presidential election)

Geography

• Takal mountain in Takalim.
• Rivers, lots of rivers.
• Köppen: mostly Dfb (inland), with Dfc being present in the northernmost coasts.

Government and politics

Kalșeri is a representative democracy and a federation with a republican form of government. The head of state is the democratically-elected President, who also operates as the head of government under the limits set by the Charter, the country's supreme document.

In the Kalșerian federalist system, citizens are subject to three levels of government: federal, cantonal and municipal. Provincial government, subject to cantons, is mostly relegated to local judicial functions, and sub-municipal divisions exist for statistic purposes and hold very little to no power.

The federal government is divided into three branches:

• Legislative: The unicameral High Council (Ralli Geri) creates federal laws or discusses popular bills that have reached 250,000 signatures, declares war or compels the drafting of peace treaties and impeaches members of the executive government, including the President. The High Council is composed of 200 members, with each canton having a number of High Councillors (Ralgergia) proportional to the population on the year of election, and seven High Councillors representing Kalșerians abroad. It is headed by the High Summoner (Ralli Nugi), who can convene or adjourn the High Council (technically, they are supposed to ask the President for permission to do so, but this happens rarely) and expel or invalidate High Councillors if need be.
• Executive: the President (Alseugi or Président), elected every five years by the people, is the commander-in-chief of the Kalșerian Army and yields a considerable amount of powers, such as sign bills into law or veto them, nominating or dismissing Ministers and asking for their opinions, issuing declarations of war or peace treaties upon consent of the High Council, appointing federal judges, upon consent of the High Council and of the Order of Judges, granting pardons and the largely ceremonial task of representing Kalșeri abroad. If the President cannot operate for any reason, their tasks are handled by the Head Minister (Ralmínistrus), a primus inter pares annually chosen among the members of the President's cabinet.
• Judicial: The Supreme Court (Ralli Kort) and other federal courts, whose judges are appointed by the President, interpret laws and overturn those deemed contrary to the Charter.

Administrative divisions

Main article: Administrative divisions of Kalșeri

The twelve cantons of Kalșeri

Kalșeri is a federation of twelve cantons, divided into N provinces, in turn divided into N municipalities; a layer of unorganized territory may exist within provinces. Municipalities may be subdivided into smaller divisions, such as lawns, strips and dwellings.

Cantons

The cantons (flalia, singular: flal) have virtually unlimited power and responsibility within their borders. Their duties include (but are not limited to):

• ownership of non-private property;
• education of inhabitants;
• maintenance of hospitals and implementation of welfare programs;
• justice and law enforcement;
• management of sub-canton local government;
• maintenance of non-Highway roads;
• regulation of industry;
• local zoning;
• fundraising to support activities;
• management of canton-wide transportation;
• administration of non-federal natural reserves and unorganized land.

The names of the cantons (except for Evalria, Iarkel, Relkaf and Șiven) come from the ancient tribes that ruled the island up until 813.

The twelve cantons are:

Flag	Canton	Capital city	Date of establishment	Inhabitants	Map
	Așál	Gomíl	1783	2,592,184
	Evalria	– (Evalria is a city-canton)	1783	1,502,553
	Iarkel	– (Iarkel is a city-canton)	1954	973,109
	Iskio	Ginfra	1783	1,882,524
	Janval	Áhtilik	1783	2,494,145
	Kalúen	Enjamúl	1783	4,592,510
	Lág	Manur	1783	3,692,553
	Relkaf	Ronfél	1991	527,300
	Șanvel (coterminous with Cape Sundervale, shared with the UK)	– (Cape Sundervale is a city-canton)	1991	152,493
	Șindal	Venhal	1891	839,144
	Șiven	Imanhal	1989	3,211,435
	Takalim	Ștet	1783 1952	3,928,531
	Urgel	Klián	1783 1952	2,384,919

The right for a canton to secede is regulated by Section IV of the Charter of Kalșeri. To secede, a candidate canton must have at least 250,000 inhabitants at the time of the declaration of secession, a referendum in the concerned canton must be passed, and a special bill making the secession official must be passed by the High Council and signed by the President; unilateral secession is explicitly prohibited. This right has only been exercised three times: with Șindal being separated from Janval in 1891, with the creation of the city-canton of Iarkel in 1954, as a means to end the Așál-Lág-Urgel dispute over who actually owned the city, and with Șiven seceding from Takalim in 1989.

Provinces

The provinces (provinsia, singular: provins) are used as statistical subdivisions and judicial court districts. Provinces are present in every canton except for Cape Sundervale, Evalria, Iarkel, Relkaf and Șindal.

Municipalities

The municipalities (șamenta, singular: șamen) share some of the functions carried out by the cantons, but in a semi-federal framework: unlike with cantons, the creation, modification or abolition of municipalities only requires a special bill to be passed in the canton's legislative body. The duties of the municipalities include (but are not limited to):

• local zoning;
• registry of births and deaths;
• registry of deeds;
• contracting for local roads and public works;
• local planning and zoning;
• provision of local police, ambulance and fire services;
• local transportation regulation (such as car registration, maintenance of local roads) and traffic control.

Municipalities are called quarters in Evalria, Iarkel and Cape Sundervale.

Fourth-level subdivisions

Municipalities may be divided into smaller subdivisions, which cover a merely statistical role. Their names vary among the cantons:

• lawns (flaia) in Șindal;
• strips (runaria) in Iskio;
• houses (seria) in Kalúen, Janval, Așál, Evalria, Iarkel and Cape Sundervale;
• counties (kontéaia) in Lág, Șiven, Takalim and Urgel.

Fourth-level subdivisions do not exist in unincorporated areas of a canton. Until 2015, municipalities in Relkaf were divided into strips; they were abolished, along with the provinces, as a cost-cutting measure.

Canton (first level)	Second level	Third level	Fourth level
Așál	Province	Municipality	House
Cape Sundervale	Quarter	House
Evalria	Quarter	House
Iarkel	Quarter	House
Iskio	Province	Municipality	Strip
Janval	Province	Municipality	House
Kalúen	Province	Municipality	House
Lág	Province	Municipality	County
Relkaf	Municipality
Șindal	Municipality	Lawn
Șiven	Province	Municipality	County
Takalim	Province	Municipality	County
Urgel	Province	Municipality	County

Political parties

Social Cooperation Party

The Social Cooperation Party (abbreviated to SoCoop or SC(P), Kalhan: Giavrerdoeri) was formed on February 16, 1934, following the merger of the Kalhan Front (Kalhan Eri) with several left-wing parties, such as the Social Democrats (Soșaldemokrasíagia) and the Communist Party (Komunismusli Eri). The party's traditional ideals include social democracy, democratic socialism, greater state intervention and, since the 1960s, liberalism, although nationalism has also been popular within the party; Green politics has also been increasingly associated with the SoCoop since the early 2000s. The party has been variously described as being center-left to left, and has been regarded as one face of the traditionally dichotomous Kalșerian political system, with the other face being the Liberal Democratic Party, though this division has been challenged in recent years.

Liberal Democratic Party

The Liberal Democratic Party (abbreviated to LibDem, LD(P) or simply Liberals, Kalhan: Líberal-Demokrasíali Eri) was formed during the 1959 presidential election campaign, as a merger between the Liberal Party and the Christian Democrats. The party advocates classical liberalism, fiscal conservatism and laissez-faire; some LibDems are ideologically closer to conservatism, with some of them putting an emphasis on traditional and religious values, while others embrace Social liberalism.

Kalșerians for Change

Kalșerians for Change (abbreviated to K4C or Change; Kalhan: Kalșerigia Fanu) was founded in 2009 by Kassandra Niúel.

Big tent, populism, development of new technologies, approved the 2016 amendment depriving churches of their ability to ask for tax exemption.

British Interests Party

Formed to protect the interest of the British people living in Kalșeri. Called Loyalist Party in Cape Sundervale.

Movement for Action

(aka Silverjackets.) Ioen Rovuan created it, but after the death of the dictator, the M4A has toned down its positions.

Culture

Sport

Organized sports in Kalșeri originated in the early 1800s. Kalșeri's official national sports are sailing and cricket; several other sports are enjoyed by the Kalșerian youth, too, including football (the most popular sport in the country), basketball, tennis, volleyball, rugby and swimming.

Kalșeri has participated in almost every Olympic Games since its debut in 1900.