Henrician Civil War (Merveilles des Morte): Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox | {{Infobox Military Conflict1 | ||
|conflict = <big>Henrician Civil War<br><small>[[ | |conflict = <big>Henrician Civil War<br><small>[[Merveilles des Morte]]</small></big> | ||
|partof = the Proto-Reformation | |partof = the Proto-Reformation | ||
|conc = | |conc = | ||
Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
|result = | |result = | ||
*Rise and fall of the Frankfurt Dictatorship | *Rise and fall of the Frankfurt Dictatorship | ||
*Henry IX confirmed as [[ | *Henry IX confirmed as [[Holy Roman Emperor (Merveilles des Morte)|Emperor]] | ||
*Radical Adamites in Thuringia expelled | *Radical Adamites in Thuringia expelled | ||
|territory = | |territory = | ||
Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
[[File:Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg|25px]] Frankfurt Dictatorship<br/> | [[File:Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg|25px]] Frankfurt Dictatorship<br/> | ||
[[File:Banner_of_the_Electorate_of_Mainz.svg|25px]] Archbishopric of Mainz<br> | [[File:Banner_of_the_Electorate_of_Mainz.svg|25px]] Archbishopric of Mainz<br> | ||
[[File:Flag_of_the_Papal_States_%28pre_1808%29.svg|20px]] | [[File:Flag_of_the_Papal_States_%28pre_1808%29.svg|20px]] Papal States<br/> | ||
[[File:Pavillon_royal_de_la_France.svg|25px]] [[ | [[File:Pavillon_royal_de_la_France.svg|25px]] [[France (Merveilles des Morte)|Kingdom of France]]<br/> | ||
[[File:Flag_of_Bohemia.svg|25px|border]] Bohemia <small>(Ottokar Faction)</small><br/> | [[File:Flag_of_Bohemia.svg|25px|border]] [[Bohemia (Merveilles des Morte)|Bohemia]] <small>([[Ottokar I, Holy Roman Emperor (Merveilles des Morte)|Ottokar]] Faction)</small><br/> | ||
[[File:Wapen_Nassauw.svg|20px]] Count of Nassau<br/> | [[File:Wapen_Nassauw.svg|20px]] Count of Nassau<br/> | ||
[[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Thuringia.svg|20px]] Thuringia Mandate<br/> | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Thuringia.svg|20px]] Thuringia Mandate<br/> | ||
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[[File:Rautenflagge_(24_Rauten).svg|25px]] Duchy of Bavaria<br/> | [[File:Rautenflagge_(24_Rauten).svg|25px]] Duchy of Bavaria<br/> | ||
[[File:Flagge_Preußen_-_Provinz_Brandenburg.svg|25px|border]] Duchy of Brandenburg<br/> | [[File:Flagge_Preußen_-_Provinz_Brandenburg.svg|25px|border]] Duchy of Brandenburg<br/> | ||
[[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Hesse.svg|20px]] Duchy of Hesse<br/> | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Hesse.svg|20px]] [[Hesse (Merveilles des Morte)|Duchy of Hesse]]<br/> | ||
---- | ---- | ||
'''Moderates:'''<br/> | '''Moderates:'''<br/> | ||
[[File:Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg|25px]] [[Holy Roman Empire (Merveilles des Morte)|Holy Roman Empire]]<br> | [[File:Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg|25px]] [[Holy Roman Empire (Merveilles des Morte)|Holy Roman Empire]]<br> | ||
[[File:Wappen_Weimar.svg|20px]] County of Weimar<br/> | [[File:Wappen_Weimar.svg|20px]] County of Weimar<br/> | ||
[[File:Flag_of_the_Free_City_of_Frankfurt.svg|25px]] City of Frankfurt<br/> | [[File:Flag_of_the_Free_City_of_Frankfurt.svg|25px]] [[Free City of Frankfurt (Merveilles des Morte)|City of Frankfurt]]<br/> | ||
[[File:Black_St_George's_Cross.svg|25px|border]] Archbishopric of Cologne<br/> | [[File:Black_St_George's_Cross.svg|25px|border]] Archbishopric of Cologne<br/> | ||
[[File:Coat of arms of Saxony.svg|20px]] [[Duchy of Saxony (Merveilles des Morte)|Duchy of Saxony]]<br> | [[File:Coat of arms of Saxony.svg|20px]] [[Duchy of Saxony (Merveilles des Morte)|Duchy of Saxony]]<br> | ||
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[[File:Pavillon_royal_de_la_France.svg|25px]] Louis Capet-Berry<br/> | [[File:Pavillon_royal_de_la_France.svg|25px]] Louis Capet-Berry<br/> | ||
[[File:Pavillon_royal_de_la_France.svg|25px]] Pierre Rolet<br/> | [[File:Pavillon_royal_de_la_France.svg|25px]] Pierre Rolet<br/> | ||
[[File:Flag_of_Bohemia.svg|25px|border]] Ottokar IV<br/> | [[File:Flag_of_Bohemia.svg|25px|border]] [[Ottokar I, Holy Roman Emperor (Merveilles des Morte)|Ottokar IV]]<br/> | ||
[[File:Flag_of_Bohemia.svg|25px|border]] Jan Premyslid<br/> | [[File:Flag_of_Bohemia.svg|25px|border]] Jan Premyslid<br/> | ||
[[File:Wapen_Nassauw.svg|20px]] Walrad, Count of Usingen | [[File:Wapen_Nassauw.svg|20px]] Walrad, Count of Usingen | ||
|commander2 = | |commander2 = | ||
[[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Thuringia.svg|20px]] Thin White Duke<br/> | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Thuringia.svg|20px]] [[Thin White Duke (Merveilles des Morte)|Thin White Duke]]<br/> | ||
[[File:No flag.svg|25px]] Peter the Monk †<br/> | [[File:No flag.svg|25px]] Peter the Monk †<br/> | ||
[[File:Flagge_Preußen_-_Provinz_Brandenburg.svg|25px|border]] Charles I<br/> | [[File:Flagge_Preußen_-_Provinz_Brandenburg.svg|25px|border]] [[Charles I, Duke of Brandenburg (Merveilles des Morte)|Charles I]]<br/> | ||
[[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Hesse.svg|20px]] Agnes of Hesse | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Hesse.svg|20px]] [[Agnes, Duchess of Hesse (Merveilles des Morte)|Agnes of Hesse]] | ||
---- | ---- | ||
[[File:Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg|25px]] Henry IX<br/> | [[File:Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg|25px]] [[Henry IX, Holy Roman Emperor (Merveilles des Morte)|Henry IX]]<br/> | ||
[[File:Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg|25px]] Jan Žižka<br/> | [[File:Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg|25px]] Jan Žižka<br/> | ||
[[File:Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg|25px]] Rolf Bayard †<br/> | [[File:Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_with_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg|25px]] Rolf Bayard †<br/> | ||
[[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Thuringia.svg|20px]] Hugh of Thuringia<br/> | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Thuringia.svg|20px]] [[Hugh the Heir (Merveilles des Morte)|Hugh of Thuringia]]<br/> | ||
[[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Thuringia.svg|20px]] Nikolaus von Bibra<br/> | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Thuringia.svg|20px]] Nikolaus von Bibra<br/> | ||
[[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Thuringia.svg|20px]] Johann Totleben<br/> | [[File:Coat_of_arms_of_Thuringia.svg|20px]] Johann Totleben<br/> | ||
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[[File:Black_St_George's_Cross.svg|25px|border]] Ruprecht von Moers<br/> | [[File:Black_St_George's_Cross.svg|25px|border]] Ruprecht von Moers<br/> | ||
[[File:Flag_of_Bohemia.svg|25px|border]] Bernard "Twice-Died"<br/> | [[File:Flag_of_Bohemia.svg|25px|border]] Bernard "Twice-Died"<br/> | ||
[[File:Coat of arms of Saxony.svg|20px]] Edmund Alwin<br/> | [[File:Coat of arms of Saxony.svg|20px]] [[Edmund Alwin (Merveilles des Morte)|Edmund Alwin]]<br/> | ||
|strength1 = | |strength1 = | ||
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|casualties3 = Total: 20-60,000+ dead | |casualties3 = Total: 20-60,000+ dead | ||
|image = [[File:Jmw turner, l'incendio di costantinopoli.jpg|270px]] | |image = [[File:Jmw turner, l'incendio di costantinopoli.jpg|270px]] | ||
|caption = | |caption = ''The 'Sack of Frankfurt'' by the army of Hanns von Wulfestorff<br/>in 1495, as depicted by J. M. W. Turner's 18th century rendition.}} | ||
''The 'Sack of Frankfurt' by the army of Hanns von Wulfestorff<br/>in 1495, as depicted by J. M. W. Turner's 18th century rendition. | |||
The '''Henrician Civil War''' refers to the brief conflict in the [[Holy Roman Empire (Merveilles des Morte)|Holy Roman Empire]] around the time of the election of Henry IX as [[ | The '''Henrician Civil War''' refers to the brief conflict in the [[Holy Roman Empire (Merveilles des Morte)|Holy Roman Empire]] around the time of the election of [[Henry IX, Holy Roman Emperor (Merveilles des Morte)|Henry IX]] as [[Holy Roman Emperor (Merveilles des Morte)|Emperor]]. The war was precipitated by the ongoing Adamite movement (later considered a precursor to the [[Reformation (Merveilles des Morte)|Reformation]]), which was centered around the Duchy of Thuringia. Henry IX was elected partially on a promise of opposing his grandfather, the controversial figure known as the [[Thin White Duke (Merveilles des Morte)|Thin White Duke]], and on combating the Adamite heresy. Ongoing at the time of the [[Imperial Election (Merveilles des Morte)|election]] was an inquisition in Thuringia primarily led by the Archbishop of Mainz and the famed military commander Hanns von Wulfestorff. When Mainz demanded that Henry IX allow the deposing of his grandfather, Henry refused and had Wulfestorff and Archbishop Adelbert dismissed from the government. Rather than stand down, Wulfestorff used his inquisition forces to cross the Main and attack the capital at [[Free City of Frankfurt (Merveilles des Morte)|Frankfurt]], earning him the nickname "Caesar of Germany". Wulfestorff consolidated control over the government in what became known as the January Purges, creating a religiously-reactionary dictatorship from Frankfurt, and proceeded to annex Thuringia by force. | ||
Throughout much of 1495 Henry IX struggled to defend Thuringia and central Germany from the much more prepared Wulfestorff. Even after Adelbert's untimely death and succession to the more moderate Bertrand of Villingen, it became clear that Wulfestorff had no intention of giving up power. Although the Adamite heresy in Thuringia was effectively combated, a "reign of terror" followed, in which Wulfestorff policed much of the Empire for religious dissent. At the Second Battle of Frankfurt in late 1495, Wulfestorff was defeated and killed in battle by an alliance of the Emperor and the "Whites Faction", which was itself an uneasy union between ducal Thuringian forces, various heretical groups, and anti-government forces. This allowed Henry IX to retake control over the government of the Holy Roman Empire. He effectively ended the violent inquisition of Thuringia, after the Thin White Duke was cleared of the charge of heresy by a ecclesiastical court in Frankfurt, and curtailed the influence of Mainz in government for the duration of his reign. | Throughout much of 1495 Henry IX struggled to defend Thuringia and central Germany from the much more prepared Wulfestorff. Even after Adelbert's untimely death and succession to the more moderate Bertrand of Villingen, it became clear that Wulfestorff had no intention of giving up power. Although the Adamite heresy in Thuringia was effectively combated, a "reign of terror" followed, in which Wulfestorff policed much of the Empire for religious dissent. At the Second Battle of Frankfurt in late 1495, Wulfestorff was defeated and killed in battle by an alliance of the Emperor and the "Whites Faction", which was itself an uneasy union between ducal Thuringian forces, various heretical groups, and anti-government forces. This allowed Henry IX to retake control over the government of the Holy Roman Empire. He effectively ended the violent inquisition of Thuringia, after the Thin White Duke was cleared of the charge of heresy by a ecclesiastical court in Frankfurt, and curtailed the influence of Mainz in government for the duration of his reign. | ||
Although the Adamite uprising in Thuringia was effectively crushed, the Henrician Civil War would not spell the end for religious conflict in the Holy Roman Empire. | Although the Adamite uprising in Thuringia was effectively crushed, the Henrician Civil War would not spell the end for religious conflict in the Holy Roman Empire, and a decade later the reformation would erupt in response to the teachings of [[Konrad Jung (Merveilles des Morte)|Konrad Jung]]. | ||
{{ | {{Icons|Morte}} | ||
{{Morte}} | {{Merveilles des Morte navbox}} | ||
[[Category:Merveilles des Morte]] | [[Category:Merveilles des Morte]] | ||
[[Category:Wars (Merveilles des Morte)]] | |||
[[Category:Holy Roman Empire (Merveilles des Morte)]] |
Latest revision as of 21:44, 6 February 2024
Henrician Civil War Merveilles des Morte | |||||||
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Part of the Proto-Reformation | |||||||
![]() The 'Sack of Frankfurt by the army of Hanns von Wulfestorff in 1495, as depicted by J. M. W. Turner's 18th century rendition. | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Holy League:
Various States |
Whites:
Moderates: | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
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Strength | |||||||
![]() ~11,000 Inquisition Forces: |
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Casualties and losses | |||||||
Total: 20-60,000+ dead |
The Henrician Civil War refers to the brief conflict in the Holy Roman Empire around the time of the election of Henry IX as Emperor. The war was precipitated by the ongoing Adamite movement (later considered a precursor to the Reformation), which was centered around the Duchy of Thuringia. Henry IX was elected partially on a promise of opposing his grandfather, the controversial figure known as the Thin White Duke, and on combating the Adamite heresy. Ongoing at the time of the election was an inquisition in Thuringia primarily led by the Archbishop of Mainz and the famed military commander Hanns von Wulfestorff. When Mainz demanded that Henry IX allow the deposing of his grandfather, Henry refused and had Wulfestorff and Archbishop Adelbert dismissed from the government. Rather than stand down, Wulfestorff used his inquisition forces to cross the Main and attack the capital at Frankfurt, earning him the nickname "Caesar of Germany". Wulfestorff consolidated control over the government in what became known as the January Purges, creating a religiously-reactionary dictatorship from Frankfurt, and proceeded to annex Thuringia by force.
Throughout much of 1495 Henry IX struggled to defend Thuringia and central Germany from the much more prepared Wulfestorff. Even after Adelbert's untimely death and succession to the more moderate Bertrand of Villingen, it became clear that Wulfestorff had no intention of giving up power. Although the Adamite heresy in Thuringia was effectively combated, a "reign of terror" followed, in which Wulfestorff policed much of the Empire for religious dissent. At the Second Battle of Frankfurt in late 1495, Wulfestorff was defeated and killed in battle by an alliance of the Emperor and the "Whites Faction", which was itself an uneasy union between ducal Thuringian forces, various heretical groups, and anti-government forces. This allowed Henry IX to retake control over the government of the Holy Roman Empire. He effectively ended the violent inquisition of Thuringia, after the Thin White Duke was cleared of the charge of heresy by a ecclesiastical court in Frankfurt, and curtailed the influence of Mainz in government for the duration of his reign.
Although the Adamite uprising in Thuringia was effectively crushed, the Henrician Civil War would not spell the end for religious conflict in the Holy Roman Empire, and a decade later the reformation would erupt in response to the teachings of Konrad Jung.