Bohemia (Merveilles des Morte)

Kingdom of Bohemia České království (Czech) Königreich Böhmen (German) Regnum Bohemiae (Latin)
Later State Flag & Royal Standard Coat of arms
Anthem: Hospodine, pomiluj ny, Saint Wenceslas Chorale (de facto)
Map of Bohemia in 1595 (Brandenburg and autonomous vassals shown in light green)
Status	Imperial State of the Holy Roman Empire (1198–) Crown land of the Bohemian Crown (1348–) Imperial elector (1357–)
Capital	Prague
Common languages	Czech, Latin, German
Religion	Roman Catholic Hussite – later Bohemian Protestant (Utraquist, Brethren) Jungism
Government	Feudal monarchy
King
• 1198–1230	Ottokar I (first)
• 1452-1493	Henry III/VIII
• 1544-1563	Henry IV/X
Establishment
Historical era	Middle Ages
• Established	1198
• Hereditary royal title confirmed	26 September 1212
• Became main part of Bohemian Crown	5 April 1355
• King confirmed Elector	25 August 1357
Currency	Denarius Bracteate Kreuzer Groschen Thaler

The Kingdom of Bohemia, sometimes later in English literature referred to as the Czech Kingdom (Czech: České království; German: Königreich Böhmen; Latin: Regnum Bohemiae), was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe. It was an Imperial State in the Holy Roman Empire, and the Bohemian King was a prince-elector of the empire. The kings of Bohemia, besides Bohemia itself, also ruled other lands belonging to the Bohemian Crown, which at various times included Moravia, Silesia, Lusatia, Brandenburg, and parts of Saxony and Bavaria.

The kingdom was established by the Přemyslid dynasty in the 12th century from the Duchy of Bohemia. Numerous kings of Bohemia were also elected Holy Roman Emperors and the capital Prague was the imperial seat in the late 14th century and much of the 16th century. Bohemia would produce one of the most influential Holy Roman Emperors, Henry VIII, whose descendants established near complete control over the imperial throne throughout much of the subsequent century. Under Henry VIII Bohemia spearheaded the Lenzburg-Premyslid War against the Swiss Confederacy and its allies, which established the Přemyslids, and therefore Bohemia, as the uncontested leaders of the Holy Roman Empire. Under Henry VIII the Přemyslid dynasty reached increased its size dramatically, with Henry directly ruling as Emperor, King of Bohemia, and ruler of Brandenburg and Livonia, while his children were granted territories in Burgundy, Saxony, and Swabia. During the reign of Henry's grandson Jaromir the Kingdom of Bohemia established a personal union with France via Jaromir's marriage to Joan, Queen of France, establishing a junior Přemyslid line there.

At the start of the Protestant Reformation Bohemia rejected Jungism and championed Roman Catholicism, although the Hussite religion had been granted separate privileges as well. As a result Bohemia fought numerous wars against the early Ratian Union. After the civil war known as the War of the Three Henrys, Henry X retained control over Bohemia and converted to Jungism in 1560, breaking Bohemia's ties to the Catholic Church. During the Forty Years' War Bohemia would play a prominent role.