Finland: Difference between revisions
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==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
===Finland=== | |||
The earliest written appearance of the name ''Finland'' is thought to have come from three {{W|Runestone|runestones}}. Two of the runestones were found in the province of [[Uppland]] in [[Sweden]] and have the inscription ''finlonti'' ({{W|U 582}}). The third one was found in [[Gotland]] with the inscription ''finlandi'' ({{W|G 319}}) and dates back to the 13th century. The name can be assumed to relate to the tribes name ''{{W|Finnish tribes|Finns}}'', of which the first known record is from 98 AD. | |||
===Suomi=== | |||
The name ''Suomi'' ({{W|Finnish language|Finnish}} for ''Finland''), but a common etymology with ''saame'' (the {{W|Sami}}, the native people of {{W|Lapland}}) and [[Tavastia]] (a province in the inland) has been suggested ({{W|Proto-Finnic}} *hämä from the older term *šämä, possibly loaned into Proto-Saami as *sāmē), whose source could be the Proto-Baltic word *źemē, meaning '(low) land'. | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
==Government and politics== | ==Government and politics== | ||
===Foreign relations=== | |||
{{Main|Foreign relations of Finland}} | |||
===Military=== | ===Military=== | ||
{{Main|Finnish Defence Forces}} | |||
[[File:Finnish leopard altverse ii.png|thumb|left|A {{W|Leopard 2}} of the [[Finnish Defence Forces]]]] | [[File:Finnish leopard altverse ii.png|thumb|left|A {{W|Leopard 2}} of the [[Finnish Defence Forces]]]] | ||
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[[Category:Member states of the European Community]] | [[Category:Member states of the European Community]] | ||
[[Category:States and territories established in 1923]] | [[Category:States and territories established in 1923]] | ||
[[Category:Countries in Europe]] | |||
[[Category:Member states of the League of Nations]] | [[Category:Member states of the League of Nations]] | ||
[[Category:Christian states]] | [[Category:Christian states]] | ||
[[Category:Monarchies of Europe]] | [[Category:Monarchies of Europe]] | ||
[[Category:Swedish-speaking countries and territories]] | [[Category:Swedish-speaking countries and territories]] | ||
Revision as of 18:42, 9 October 2022
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Kingdom of Finland Suomen kuningaskunta (Finnish) Konungariket Finland (Swedish) | |
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.svg) Flag
.svg) Coat of arms
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Anthem: Maamme (Finnish) Vårt land (Swedish) (English: "Our Land") | |
| Capital and largest city | Helsinki |
| Official languages | |
| Religion | Christianity |
| Demonym(s) | Finnish |
| Membership |
 European Community |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
• King | Karl Adolf |
| Oskari Härkönen | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| History | |
• Autonomy in the Russian Empire | 29 March 1809 |
• Declaration of independence | 6 December 1923 |
• Finnish Civil War | January – July 1923 |
• Constitution | 3 April 1927 |
| GDP (PPP) | estimate |
• Total | TBD |
| GDP (nominal) | estimate |
• Total | TBD |
| Gini |
25.7 low |
| HDI |
.940 very high |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (Eastern European Time) |
| Date format | dd.mm.yyyy (AD) |
| Driving side | right |
| ISO 3166 code | FI |
Finland, officially the Kingdom of Finland (Finnish: Suomen kuningaskunta, Swedish: Konungariket Finland), is a country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the west, Russia to the east and south, and Norway to the north, and is defined by the White Sea to the east, the Gulf of Bothnia to the west, and the Gulf of Finland to the south, across which lies Estonia.
Finland largely remained an agrarian country until the 1950s. After Great War II, it rapidly industrialized and developed an advanced economy, while building an extensive welfare state based on the Nordic model; the country soon enjoyed widespread prosperity and a high per capita income. It is a member of the League of Nations, the European Community, and the Northern Treaty Organization.
Etymology
Finland
The earliest written appearance of the name Finland is thought to have come from three runestones. Two of the runestones were found in the province of Uppland in Sweden and have the inscription finlonti (U 582). The third one was found in Gotland with the inscription finlandi (G 319) and dates back to the 13th century. The name can be assumed to relate to the tribes name Finns, of which the first known record is from 98 AD.
Suomi
The name Suomi (Finnish for Finland), but a common etymology with saame (the Sami, the native people of Lapland) and Tavastia (a province in the inland) has been suggested (Proto-Finnic *hämä from the older term *šämä, possibly loaned into Proto-Saami as *sāmē), whose source could be the Proto-Baltic word *źemē, meaning '(low) land'.
History
Geography
Government and politics
Foreign relations
Military
Economy
Demographics
Culture
See also
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