Libya

  

Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya الجماهيرية العربية الليبية الشعبية الاشتراكية‎ (ar.) al-Jamāhīrīyah al-'Arabīyah al-Lībīyah ash-Sha'bīyah al-Ishtirākīyah
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: Tamam Saidi
Capital	Tripoli
Official languages	Arabic
Recognised regional languages	Italian, Tuareg,
Demonym(s)	Libyan
Government	Unitary socialist single-party republic
• Citizen-President	Her Excellency Hawwa al-Amman
• President of the National Directory	Jamal Qayyum
Legislature	General People's Congress of Libya
• Lower house	National Assembly
Establishment
• 1912 from the Ottoman Empire	5th of November 1912, Annexed by Italy
• Republic of Tripoli	1919
• Annexation by the United Kingdom	1924
• Independence	1st of April 1959
Area
• Total	1,873,540 km2 (723,380 sq mi)
Population
• Census	8.345.293 (2019)
Currency	Libyan Dinar (LYD)
Time zone	(UTC +2
Driving side	right
Calling code	+58
ISO 3166 code	AND
Internet TLD	.upca

The Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (Arabic: الجماهيرية العربية الليبية الشعبية الاشتراكية‎, al-Jamāhīrīyah al-'Arabīyah al-Lībīyah ash-Sha'bīyah al-Ishtirākīyah), commonly referred to as Libya (Arabic ليبيا Lībiyā) is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It borders the countries of Algeria and Tunisia to the west and northwest respectively; Egypt to the east; Chad to the south; and Niger to the southwest. To the north, Libya has a coastline of around 1,770 kilometres along the Mediterranean Sea. The Libyan population consists of around 8.3 million people, of whom 95% are Arab in descent. The majority of the country practices Sunni Islam, with around 90% of the population adhering to it. There are also significant religious minorities, most notably the Copts and Roman Catholics. The vast majority of Libyans live along the coastline, with around a quarter of them living in the capital Tripoli. Other significant cities are Benghazi and Misrata. Libya has historically been divided into three historical regions, Tripolitania in the north west, Fezzan in the south west and Cyrenaica in the east.