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{{Icons|Start|Altverse II}}
{{Icons|Start|Altverse II}}
{{Infobox country
{{Infobox country
|name = European Community<br />{{small|''Communauté européenne'' (French)}}<br />{{small|''Europäische Gemeinschaft'' (German)}}<br />{{small|Европейское сообщество (Russian)}}<br />{{small|''Comunidad Europea'' (Spanish)}}
|name = European Community<br />{{small|''Communauté européenne'' (French)}}<br />{{small|''Europäische Gemeinschaft'' (German)}}<br />{{small|''Европейское сообщество'' (Russian)}}<br />{{small|''Comunidad Europea'' (Spanish)}}
|image_flag =  [[File:Flag of the European Union.svg|150px]]
|image_flag =  [[File:Flag of the European Union.svg|150px]]
|image_coat =   
|image_coat =   
Line 8: Line 8:
|image_map =   
|image_map =   
|map_caption =  
|map_caption =  
|membership = 31 member states
|membership = 35 member states
|admin_center_type = Headquarters
|admin_center_type = Headquarters
|admin_center = {{W|Berlin}}, Germany
|admin_center = {{W|Berlin}}, Germany
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|languages = {{W|English language|English}}, {{W|French language|French}}, {{W|German language|German}},  {{W|Russian language|Russian}}, {{W|Spanish language|Spanish}}
|languages = {{W|English language|English}}, {{W|French language|French}}, {{W|German language|German}},  {{W|Russian language|Russian}}, {{W|Spanish language|Spanish}}
|leader_title1 = Council President
|leader_title1 = Council President
|leader_name1 = {{flagicon|Netherlands}} Mark van Loon
|leader_name1 = {{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Mark van Loon]]
|leader_title2 = Secretary General
|leader_title2 = Secretary General
|leader_name2 = {{flagicon|Italy}} Luigi Guido   
|leader_name2 = {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Luigi Monticelli]]
|leader_title3 =  
|leader_title3 =  
|leader_name3 =  
|leader_name3 =  
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|leader_title5 =  
|leader_title5 =  
|leader_name5 =  
|leader_name5 =  
|established_event1 = Treaty of Sigmaringen signing
|established_event1 = EEC declared
|established_date1 = 22 May 1977
|established_date1 = 1 September 1960
|established_event2 = Treaty in effect
|established_event2 = [[Warsaw Pact]]
|established_date2 = 1 November 1977
|established_date2 = 22 May 1977
|established_event3 = Treaty in effect
|established_date3 = 1 November 1977
|official_website =  www.europa.eu
|official_website =  www.europa.eu
}}
}}
The '''European Community (EC)''' is a economic intergovernmental regional organization that aims to promote economic integration and development, the rule of law, and human rights in Europe. It has 32 member states and a total population of over 900 million, and with a total GDP of $23.98 trillion, the European Community is the second-largest regional economy in the world after the [[Conference of American States]]. The organization uses five official working languages, which are {{W|English language|English}}, {{W|French language|French}}, {{W|German language|German}}, {{W|Russian language|Russian}}, and {{W|Spanish language|Spanish}}. It is also referred to as the '''Common Market''' in English-speaking countries.  
The '''European Community (EC)''' is a economic and political intergovernmental regional organization that aims to promote economic integration and development, the rule of law, and human rights in Europe. It has 35 member states and a total population of over 900 million, and with a total GDP of $25.98 trillion, the European Community is the largest regional economy in the world. The organization uses five official working languages, which are {{W|English language|English}}, {{W|French language|French}}, {{W|German language|German}}, {{W|Russian language|Russian}}, and {{W|Spanish language|Spanish}}. It is also referred to as the '''Common Market''' in English-speaking countries.  


The EC was founded in November 1977 by the [[Treaty of Sigmaringen]], in the aftermath of the [[Great War II|Second Great War]], initially for the purpose of creating a lasting peace in Europe. The organization developed from the Mitteleuropa system of satellite states that Germany maintained since the 1940s, and during the [[Cold War]] it became a geopolitical bloc of Nationalist authoritarian regimes led by [[Germany]], as one of the three poles of power along with the liberal democratic West led by [[Sierra]] and [[United Kingdom|Britain]], and the Communist world led by the [[United Commonwealth]] and [[China]]. It was preceded by the European Economic Community (EEC) created in 1962 for the purpose of rebuilding Europe after the devastation of Great War II with German funding, an effort by Germany to stop British and [[Anglo-America]]n financial influence from undermining German control over the continent. The nationalist authoritarian system in Europe lasted until the 1970s and 1980s, seeing a demise as Germany itself began to democratize its political system, also leading to further integration of EEC member countries.  
The EC was founded in November 1977 by the [[Warsaw Pact]], in the aftermath of the [[Great War II|Second Great War]], initially for the purpose of creating a lasting peace in Europe. The organization developed from the Mitteleuropa system of satellite states that Germany maintained since the 1940s, and during the [[Cold War]] it became part of the [[Western Bloc]] that opposed the [[Landonism|Landonist-Marxist]] countries led by the [[United Commonwealth]] and the [[People's Republic of China]]. It was preceded by the European Economic Community (EEC) created in 1960 for the purpose of rebuilding Europe after the devastation of Great War II with the assistance of [[Anglo-America]]n funding, before Germany and the [[United Kingdom]] emerged as the leading economies. The EEC began with the "inner six" countries: Germany, [[France]], Britain, the [[Netherlands]], [[Austria]], and [[Denmark]]. By 1975, the Economic Community grew to include most other non-Landonist countries in Europe. In 1977 the decision was made to expand the economic association to certain political and legal functions, creating the [[Parliamentary Assembly of the European Community]] and the [[Council of Europe]], the two primary decision-making bodies of the European Community.


The EEC established a {{W|common market}} among the German satellite states of {{W|Western Europe|Western}} and {{W|Eastern Europe}} during the early 1970s, leading to rapid economic growth and increasing the standard of living for the middle classes in Europe. It also led to the development of previously underdeveloped Eastern European economies. These factors contributed to democratic development in EEC member states, leading to the end of nationalist one-party autocracies by the mid 1990s. The organization's membership was expanded to include almost all of Europe, and after the end of the [[Cold War]] with the [[Revolutions of 2000]], [[Spain]], [[Italy]], [[Albania]], [[Croatia]], and the [[United Kingdom]] also joined the Community, making every European state a member of the organization.
The EC established a {{W|common market}} among the states of {{W|Western Europe|Western}} and {{W|Eastern Europe}} during the early 1980s, leading to rapid economic growth and increasing the standard of living for the middle classes in Europe. It also led to the development of previously underdeveloped Eastern European economies. These factors contributed to democratic development in EC member states, leading to the end of nationalist autocracies by the mid-1990s. The Community consists of common institutions to promote trade by standardizing certain laws and aspects of political systems in Europe, with additional functions of promoting the rule of law and human rights, although those have been more debated and controversial. The Council of Europe consists of the {{W|foreign minister}}s of each state, who are represented by a permanent representative, while the Parliamentary Assembly includes appointed members of national parliaments.  


The Community gained a set of common institutions to promote trade, and its main decision-making body is the [[Council of Europe]]. It consists of representatives from each member state, with a rotating Presidency. The [[European Court of Justice]] (ECJ) was also created as the main legal authority in the organization, helping coordinate law enforcement and settling disputes between states. The EC is not a federal structure and cannot make binding laws without the unanimous agreement of every member state, although the Council of Europe is permitted to take action to enforce European Court of Justice decisions in certain situations. Member states of the organization maintain their own individual currencies, border controls, defense and foreign policy. The EC has acted upon a unified foreign policy on occasion, and provides a forum for European nations to discuss international issues.  
The [[European Court of Justice]] (ECJ) was also created as the main legal authority in the organization, helping coordinate law enforcement and settling disputes between states. The EC is not a federal structure and cannot make binding laws without the unanimous agreement of every member state, although the Council of Europe is permitted to take action to enforce European Court of Justice decisions in certain situations. Member states of the organization maintain their own individual currencies, border controls, defense and foreign policy. The EC has acted upon a unified foreign policy on occasion, and provides a forum for European nations to discuss international issues.  


The EC has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where members have agreed to act as one. EC policies aim to ensure the free movement of member state citizens, goods, services and capital within the internal market; enact legislation in justice and home affairs; and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries and regional development. As the EC has always been regarded as a loose association of member states, in recent years there have been discussions of creating a "European Union" that would include a common currency, less border controls, and possibly a unified military command, similar to the role of the Conference of American States in {{W|North America}}, but these discussions have not led to the implementation of any policy.
The EC has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where members have agreed to act as one. EC policies aim to ensure the free movement of member state citizens, goods, services and capital within the internal market; enact legislation in justice and home affairs; and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries and regional development. As the EC has always been regarded as a loose association of member states, in recent years there have been discussions of creating a "European Union" that would include a common currency, less border controls, and possibly a unified military command, similar to the role of the [[Conference of American States]] in {{W|North America}}, but these discussions have not led to the implementation of any policy as of 2022.


==History==
==History==


==Institutions==
==Government and politics==
{{EC institutions}}
===Council of Europe===
===Parliamentary Assembly===
 
==Military==
{{Main article|Eurocorps}}


==Membership==
==Membership==
The European Community has 34 member states as of 2022, with the most recent to join being [[Albania]] in 2005.


===List of member states===
===List of member states===
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| {{flagicon|Albania}}
| {{flagicon|Albania}}
| [[Albania]]
| [[Albania]]
|
| 24 January 2005
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Armenia}}
| {{flagicon|Armenia}}
| [[Armenia]]
| [[Armenia]]
|
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Austria}}  
| {{flagicon|Austria}}  
| [[Austria]]
| [[Austria]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Belarus}}
| {{flagicon|Belarus}}
| [[Belarus]]
| [[Belarus]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Bulgaria}}
| {{flagicon|Bulgaria}}
| [[Bulgaria]]
| [[Bulgaria]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Croatia}}
| {{flagicon|Croatia}}
| [[Croatia]]
| [[Croatia]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Czech Republic}}
| {{flagicon|Czech Republic}}
| [[Czechia]]
| [[Czechia]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|-
| {{flagicon|Denmark}}
| [[Denmark]]
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Estonia}}
| {{flagicon|Estonia}}
| [[Estonia]]
| [[Estonia]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|France}}
| {{flagicon|France}}
| [[France]]
| [[France]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|-
| {{Flagicon|Finland}}
| [[Finland]]
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Georgia}}
| {{flagicon|Georgia}}
| [[Georgia]]
| [[Georgia]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Germany}}
| {{flagicon|Germany}}
| [[Germany]]
| [[Germany]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Greece}}
| {{flagicon|Greece}}
| [[Greece]]
| [[Greece]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Hungary}}
| {{flagicon|Hungary}}
| [[Hungary]]
| [[Hungary]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|-
| {{flagicon|Ireland}}
| [[Ireland]]
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Italy}}
| {{flagicon|Italy}}
| [[Italy]]
| [[Italy]]
|
| 10 July 2002
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Latvia}}
| {{flagicon|Latvia}}
| [[Latvia]]
| [[Latvia]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Lithuania}}
| {{flagicon|Lithuania}}
| [[Lithuania]]
| [[Lithuania]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| {{flagicon|Malta}}
| {{flagicon|Luxembourg}}
| [[Malta]]
| [[Luxembourg]]
|
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| {{flagicon|Monaco}}
| {{flagicon|Malta}}
| [[Monaco]]
| [[Malta]]
|
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Montenegro}}
| {{flagicon|Montenegro}}
| [[Montenegro]]
| [[Montenegro]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Netherlands}}
| {{flagicon|Netherlands}}
| [[Netherlands]]
| [[Netherlands]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|-
| {{flagicon|Norway}}
| [[Norway]]
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Poland}}
| {{flagicon|Poland}}
| [[Poland]]
| [[Poland]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| {{flagicon|Portugal|1830}}
| {{flagicon|Portugal}}
| [[Portugal]]
| [[Portugal]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Romania}}
| {{flagicon|Romania}}
| [[Romania]]
| [[Romania]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Russia}}
| {{flagicon|Russia}}
| [[Russia]]
| [[Russia]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Sardinia}}
| {{flagicon|Sardinia}}
| [[Sardinia]]
| [[Sardinia]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Serbia}}
| {{flagicon|Serbia}}
| [[Serbia]]
| [[Serbia]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
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| {{flagicon|Slovakia}}
| {{flagicon|Slovakia}}
| [[Slovakia]]
| [[Slovakia]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| {{flagicon|Slovenia}}
| {{flagicon|Spain}}
| [[Slovenia]]
| [[Spain]]
|  
| 10 July 2002
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
| {{flagicon|Spain}}
| {{flagicon|Sweden}}
| [[Spain]]
| [[Sweden]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
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| {{flagicon|Ukraine}}
| {{flagicon|Ukraine}}
| [[Ukraine]]
| [[Ukraine]]
|  
| 1 November 1977
|
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| {{flagicon|United Kingdom}}
| {{flagicon|United Kingdom}}
| [[United Kingdom]]
| [[United Kingdom]]
| 1 November 1977
|  
|  
|
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{{Altverse II}}
{{Altverse II}}
 
{{Collapsible list|title=Attribution notices|
[[Category:Altverse II]]
{{En-WP attribution notice|European Union}}
}}
[[Category:European Community]]
[[Category:European Community]]
[[Category:Intergovernmental organizations established by treaty]]
[[Category:Intergovernmental organizations established by treaty]]
[[Category:Europe]]
[[Category:Europe]]
[[Category:1977 establishments in Europe]]
[[Category:International political organizations]]
[[Category:International organizations based in Europe]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1977]]
[[Category:Confederations]]
[[Category:Supranational unions]]
[[Category:Trade blocs]]
[[Category:Political systems]]

Latest revision as of 21:16, 12 August 2023

 This article is a start-class article. It needs further improvement to obtain good article status. This article is part of Altverse II.
European Community
Communauté européenne (French)
Europäische Gemeinschaft (German)
Европейское сообщество (Russian)
Comunidad Europea (Spanish)
Flag of the European Union.svg
Flag
Headquarters Berlin, Germany
Working languages English, French, German, Russian, Spanish
Membership 35 member states
Leaders
• Council President
Netherlands Mark van Loon
• Secretary General
Italy Luigi Monticelli
Establishment
• EEC declared
1 September 1960
22 May 1977
• Treaty in effect
1 November 1977
Website
www.europa.eu

The European Community (EC) is a economic and political intergovernmental regional organization that aims to promote economic integration and development, the rule of law, and human rights in Europe. It has 35 member states and a total population of over 900 million, and with a total GDP of $25.98 trillion, the European Community is the largest regional economy in the world. The organization uses five official working languages, which are English, French, German, Russian, and Spanish. It is also referred to as the Common Market in English-speaking countries.

The EC was founded in November 1977 by the Warsaw Pact, in the aftermath of the Second Great War, initially for the purpose of creating a lasting peace in Europe. The organization developed from the Mitteleuropa system of satellite states that Germany maintained since the 1940s, and during the Cold War it became part of the Western Bloc that opposed the Landonist-Marxist countries led by the United Commonwealth and the People's Republic of China. It was preceded by the European Economic Community (EEC) created in 1960 for the purpose of rebuilding Europe after the devastation of Great War II with the assistance of Anglo-American funding, before Germany and the United Kingdom emerged as the leading economies. The EEC began with the "inner six" countries: Germany, France, Britain, the Netherlands, Austria, and Denmark. By 1975, the Economic Community grew to include most other non-Landonist countries in Europe. In 1977 the decision was made to expand the economic association to certain political and legal functions, creating the Parliamentary Assembly of the European Community and the Council of Europe, the two primary decision-making bodies of the European Community.

The EC established a common market among the states of Western and Eastern Europe during the early 1980s, leading to rapid economic growth and increasing the standard of living for the middle classes in Europe. It also led to the development of previously underdeveloped Eastern European economies. These factors contributed to democratic development in EC member states, leading to the end of nationalist autocracies by the mid-1990s. The Community consists of common institutions to promote trade by standardizing certain laws and aspects of political systems in Europe, with additional functions of promoting the rule of law and human rights, although those have been more debated and controversial. The Council of Europe consists of the foreign ministers of each state, who are represented by a permanent representative, while the Parliamentary Assembly includes appointed members of national parliaments.

The European Court of Justice (ECJ) was also created as the main legal authority in the organization, helping coordinate law enforcement and settling disputes between states. The EC is not a federal structure and cannot make binding laws without the unanimous agreement of every member state, although the Council of Europe is permitted to take action to enforce European Court of Justice decisions in certain situations. Member states of the organization maintain their own individual currencies, border controls, defense and foreign policy. The EC has acted upon a unified foreign policy on occasion, and provides a forum for European nations to discuss international issues.

The EC has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states in those matters, and only those matters, where members have agreed to act as one. EC policies aim to ensure the free movement of member state citizens, goods, services and capital within the internal market; enact legislation in justice and home affairs; and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries and regional development. As the EC has always been regarded as a loose association of member states, in recent years there have been discussions of creating a "European Union" that would include a common currency, less border controls, and possibly a unified military command, similar to the role of the Conference of American States in North America, but these discussions have not led to the implementation of any policy as of 2022.

History

Government and politics

Principal Institutions of the European Community
Parliamentary Assembly

- Legislature -
European Parliament Strasbourg Hemicycle - Diliff.jpg

Council of Europe

- Executive administration -
European Council (38185339475).jpg

European Court of Justice

- Judiciary -
European Court of Human Rights, courtroom, 2014 (cropped).JPG

  • Consists of 306 members appointed by national parliaments of member states
  • Makes recommendations and guidelines for member states to follow
  • Debates and brings attention to political questions concerning the EC or its member states
  • Formulates the Common Policy that is agreed to by member states
  • The secretariat tasked with the implementation and enforcement of decisions by the Parliamentary Assembly, including the Common Policy
  • Consists of a permanent representative appointed by each member state government
  • Oversees defense policy
  • Consists of a judge from each member state
  • Settles international disputes among EC member states
  • Hears cases regarding the violations by member states of the Common Policy or other agreements

Council of Europe

Parliamentary Assembly

Military

Main article: Eurocorps

Membership

The European Community has 34 member states as of 2022, with the most recent to join being Albania in 2005.

List of member states

Flag State Accession Language(s) Currency Population
(2020)
Albania Albania 24 January 2005
Armenia Armenia 1 November 1977
Austria Austria 1 November 1977
Belarus Belarus 1 November 1977
Bulgaria Bulgaria 1 November 1977
Croatia Croatia 1 November 1977
Czech Republic Czechia 1 November 1977
Denmark Denmark 1 November 1977
Estonia Estonia 1 November 1977
France France 1 November 1977
Finland Finland 1 November 1977
Georgia Georgia 1 November 1977
Germany Germany 1 November 1977
Greece Greece 1 November 1977
Hungary Hungary 1 November 1977
Ireland Ireland 1 November 1977
Italy Italy 10 July 2002
Latvia Latvia 1 November 1977
Lithuania Lithuania 1 November 1977
Luxembourg Luxembourg 1 November 1977
Malta Malta 1 November 1977
Montenegro Montenegro 1 November 1977
Netherlands Netherlands 1 November 1977
Norway Norway 1 November 1977
Poland Poland 1 November 1977
Portugal Portugal 1 November 1977
Romania Romania 1 November 1977
Russia Russia 1 November 1977
Sardinia Sardinia 1 November 1977
Serbia Serbia 1 November 1977
Slovakia Slovakia 1 November 1977
Spain Spain 10 July 2002
Sweden Sweden 1 November 1977
Ukraine Ukraine 1 November 1977
United Kingdom United Kingdom 1 November 1977

Expansion

Aims and achievements

See also

Attribution notices
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